An automatic reaction control chemical ionization technique in ion trap detector for quantitative plasma profding of arecoline in treated alzheimer patients

Abstract

An automatic reaction control chemical ionization technique in an ion trap detector (lTD) was used to quantitate the levels of the cholinergic drug, arecoline, in plasma of treated patients with Alzheimer's disease. The chemical ionization reaction was carried out with acetonitrile. The protonated molecules of arecoline (m I z 156) and the internal standard, homoarecoline (m / z 170), were monitored. Human plasma samples were extracted with a readily evaporable solvent mixture, the residues reconstituted and injected along with a tertiary amine-carrier into a capillary gas chromatograph interfaced with the ITD. Standard curves for plasma-extracted arecoline between 20-ng/mL and 156-pg/mL levels were linear (r> 0.9980). Satisfactory precision (relative standard deviation < 20%) and accuracy (relative error < 15%) at the limit of quantitation, 156 pg/mL arecoline, were achieved. Optimal conditions for handling of blood samples obtained by venipuncture were determined. The assay was successfully applied for the therapeutic monitoring of Alzheimer patients treated intravenously with arecoline.

Low-Pressure Chemical Ionization in Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry

“…Acetonitrile CI is routinely used in environmental 71,72 and biochemical 73,74 trace analysis. It is also widely used in toxicology, for the detection of drugs such as benzodiazepines 15 and illicit drugs such as cocaine, 75 methadone 76 and lysergic acid diethylamide ("LSD").…”

“…77 Comparing methane and acetonitrile for the detection of arecoline in the treatment of Alzheimer disease, Shetty et al showed that acetonitrile chemical ionization permits hydride abstraction from arecoline that is observed with methane to be limited significantly. 73…”

Acetonitrile Chemical Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry To Locate Double Bonds in Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Methyl Esters

“…Acetonitrile (CH 3 CN, molecular weight (MW) = 41) is an unconventional liquid CI reagent first reported by Yinon and Cohen . It has been reported recently as a proton-transfer CI reagent for several environmental , and biological − applications. With a proton affinity of 788 kJ/mol, acetonitrile is a slightly less energetic reagent than isobutane (proton affinity = 683 kJ/mol) .…”

Anti‐inflammatory effect of alkaloids extracted from Dendrobium aphyllum on macrophage RAW 264.7 cells through NO production and reduced IL‐1, IL‐6, TNF‐α and PGE2 expression

“…Oxymatrine treatment could reduce the serum levels of TNF‐α, IL‐6, and the expression of NF‐κB and ICAM‐1 in the colonic mucosa of rats with DSS‐induced colitis indicating that oxymatrine ameliorates colonic inflammation and thus alleviates diarrhoea and bloody stools (Zheng et al, ). In another study, an ion trap detector (ITD) was used to quantify the levels of the cholinergic drug arecoline in the plasma of patients with treated Alzheimer's disease; the protonated molecules of arecoline (m/z 156) and the internal standard, homoarecoline (m/z 170), were monitored (Shetty et al, ). The alkaloid baptifoline was also identified in an extract of Caulophyllum thalictroides rhizomes (Kennelly et al, ).…”