An azo dye for photodynamic therapy that is activated selectively by two-photon excitation

Abstract

Azo containing dyes as a two-photon selective and type I based photosensitizers (PSs) were developed that exhibit excellent photodynamic therapy properties under mild condition.

Synthesis and Investigations of Building Blocks with Dibenzo[b,f] Oxepine for Use in Photopharmacology

“…Crucially, the azodibenzo[b,f ]oxepine isomers may avoid the therapeutically limiting side effects of the current MT inhibitors, as the compounds applied globally may be activated locally by the precise irradiation in vivo. This can be used in light delivery methods, such as in photodynamic therapy [65], and also in optogenetics [12,66,67]. It may be possible to use dual-wavelength irradiation to actively restrain the Z form inside the organism at the destination.…”

A photoactive Ir–Pd bimetallic cage with high singlet oxygen yield for efficient one/two-photon activated photodynamic therapy

“…2, [7][8][9][10][11] On the other hand, the two-photon photodynamic therapy utilizing lowenergy light (700-950 nm) can overcome the problem of low penetration depth of one-photon photodynamic therapy to reduce the photo-damage. 12,13 Therefore, the development of an ideal photosensitizer with good two-photon absorption (TPA) which not only can target mitochondria but also have a high 1 O 2 yield resulting in cell apoptosis is of urgent need to improve the efficacy of photodynamic therapy. 14 Metal-organic cages (MOCs), as one class of molecular containers and devices, have attracted a lot of interests in biomedical application including drug delivery, bio-imaging, cancer therapy and so on.…”

Cell membranes targeted unimolecular prodrug for programmatic photodynamic-chemo therapy

“…Except for hydrophobic interaction, electrostatic interaction can also act as the driving force for targeting cell membranes 35 . In addition, comparing to one-photon (OP) excitation, two-photon (TP) excitation use a low-energy NIR laser as the light source, which has less tissue damage and deeper tissue penetration, and can be used with greater spatial precision which is beneficial for the treatment of deep tumors 28 , 36 - 42 . Thus, in this study, a two-photon photosensitizer ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complex with two positive charges was chosen as the hydrophilic moiety due to its good photochemical stability, good two-photon properties, high singlet oxygen yield, low dark toxicity, and good hydrophilicity 36 - 38 , 43 - 46 .…”