An Ectopic Pelvic Kidney

Abstract

SummaryBackgroundIf a kidney does not ascend as it should in normal fetal development, it remains in the pelvic area and is called a pelvic kidney. Often a person with a pelvic kidney will go through his/her whole life unaware of this condition, unless it is discovered during neonatal kidney ultrasound screening or if complications arise later in life due to this or a completely different reason and the condition is noted during investigations. Generally, this is not a harmful condition but it can lead to complications like in our case. With appropriate testing and treatment, if needed, an ectopic kidney should cause no serious long-term health complications and all that may be required for the patient is reassurance with advice to follow up at regular intervals.Case ReportA 28-year-old male presented with recurrent pain in his lower left abdomen for one month and an episode of hematuria 3 days earlier accompanied by an attack of acute pain lasting for 3–4 hours. He gave a history of passing 2 small (about 5 mm each) calculi in his urine after the occurrence of hematuria, following which pain decreased in intensity. No history of fever was present.ConclusionsAlthough a simple ectopic kidney seldom causes symptoms, the association of malrotation of the renal pelvis with calculus increases the risk of hematuria and/or hydronephrosis, presenting with colicky pain as in the present case. The clinician should be aware of these in such a case.If asymptomatic, no treatment is required. However, the patient should be advised to have follow-up ultrasounds at regular intervals to detect complications like calculus, hydronephrosis, etc. With appropriate testing and treatment, if required, an ectopic kidney should not cause serious long-term health complications.

Clinical Study to Evaluate the Value of CT Urography in Hematuria

“…Most common age group for hematuria was 31-45 years which constituted 41% of the study group and least common age group was 61-75 years constitutes 16%. prevalence of hematuria was more common among males(40) compared to females (18) CT Urography detects 23 patients having urolithiasis as the cause for hematuria including renal, PUJ, ureteric and VUJ calculi and which constitutes to nearly about 40% in the total number of cases an thus becomes the main cause of hematuria in the present study (table-4). Most of the urolithiasis patients present with painful microscopic hematuria and in present study most common location of urolithiasis was ureteric (35%) followed by VUJ (figure-5).…”

“…In this study the most common age group for hematuria was 31-45 years which constituted 41% of the study group and least common age group was 61-75 years constitutes 16%. In this study, prevalence of hematuria was more common among males(40) compared to females (18). (Table-1) In this study, prevalence of painless hematuria (33) was more common than painful hematuria(25).…”

“…In present study, a case of 15 year old female patient presented with microscopic painless hematuria on ct urography evaluation, cause of hematuria found to be left ectopic kidney with renal calculus, both acting synergistically as cause for hematuria in the present case. In a similar study by Bhoil R et al(2015) 18 , described a similar case of ectopic kidney with renal calculus as source of hematuria. In present study, another male patient of 50 years presented with painless hematuria revealed horseshoe kidney with renal calculus on ct urography as cause of hematuria.…”

Endovascular Repair for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm with an Ectopic Pelvic Kidney: Case Report and Procedural Consideration of the Aberrant Renal Artery

“…One or two aberrant renal arteries are often ob-World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery served, originating from various parts of artery [3]. The ectopic pelvic kidney is often asymptomatic [4], but the anatomical characteristics make it difficult to perform surgery. We report a case of an AAA with ectopic pelvic kidney, treated by endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR), along with a review of the literature.…”

“…While ascending, each kidney acquires blood supply from the neighboring vessels, initially from the external iliac artery (EIA) and internal iliac artery (IIA), and directly from the aorta at the eighth week of embryologic development[1].Ectopic pelvic kidney is a condition that results when the kidneys fail to ascend to their normal position during early embryologic development. A simple ectopic kidney is usually asymptomatic and may function normally[4].There is some variation in the blood supply of an ectopic pelvic kidney. The aberrant artery can originate from the abdominal aorta, CIA or EIA[3].…”