An Efficient and Reliable Multicasting for Smart Cities

Currently, analysts in a variety of nations have developed various WSN clustering protocols. The major characteristic is the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), which attained the objective of energy balance by sporadically varying the Cluster Heads (CHs) in the region. Nevertheless, because it implements an arbitrary number system, the appropriateness of CH is complete with suspicions. In this paper, an optimal cluster head selection (CHS) model is developed regarding secure and energy-aware routing in the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Here, optimal CH is preferred based on distance, energy, security (risk probability), delay, trust evaluation (direct and indirect trust), and Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). Here, the energy level is predicted using an improved Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN). To choose the finest CH in WSN, Bald Eagle Assisted SSA (BEA-SSA) is employed in this work. Finally, the results authenticate the effectiveness of BEA-SSA linked to trust, RSSI, security, etc. The Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) for 100 nodes is 0.98 at 500 rounds, which is high when compared to Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO), Multi-Objective Fractional Particle Lion Algorithm (MOFPL), Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA), Bald Eagle Search optimization (BES), Rider Optimization (ROA), Hunger Games Search (HGS), Shark Smell Optimization (SSO), Rider-Cat Swarm Optimization (RCSO), and Firefly Cyclic Randomization (FCR) methods.

Section: Proposed Bea-ssa Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Cluster Head Selection in WSN with Convolutional Neural Network-Based Energy Level Prediction

Gurumoorthy¹,

Subhash

Prado

et al. 2022

“…The COVID-19 pandemic has generated different challenges for businesses as employees have become accustomed to working from home. Firms are speeding up their digital transformation, making cybersecurity the current main concern [2]. The reputational, operational, legal, and compliance consequences may be substantial if cybersecurity threats are ignored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cybersecurity Awareness and Training (CAT) Framework for Remote Working Employees

Hijji

Alam

2022

Currently, cybersecurity plays an essential role in computing and information technology due to its direct effect on organizations’ critical assets and information. Cybersecurity is applied using integrity, availability, and confidentiality to protect organizational assets and information from various malicious attacks and vulnerabilities. The COVID-19 pandemic has generated different cybersecurity issues and challenges for businesses as employees have become accustomed to working from home. Firms are speeding up their digital transformation, making cybersecurity the current main concern. For software and hardware systems protection, organizations tend to spend an excessive amount of money procuring intrusion detection systems, antivirus software, antispyware software, and encryption mechanisms. However, these solutions are not enough, and organizations continue to suffer security risks due to the escalating list of security vulnerabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a thriving need to provide a cybersecurity awareness and training framework for remote working employees. The main objective of this research is to propose a CAT framework for cybersecurity awareness and training that will help organizations to evaluate and measure their employees’ capability in the cybersecurity domain. The proposed CAT framework will assist different organizations in effectively and efficiently managing security-related issues and challenges to protect their assets and critical information. The developed CAT framework consists of three key levels and twenty-five core practices. Case studies are conducted to evaluate the usefulness of the CAT framework in cybersecurity-based organizational settings in a real-world environment. The case studies’ results showed that the proposed CAT framework can identify employees’ capability levels and help train them to effectively overcome the cybersecurity issues and challenges faced by the organizations.

“…For example, in some areas, a wired network is not available, so the patient should be connected with a wireless network or a mobile network. However, if none of the services is available, he should be connected through the mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) [ 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 ].…”

Section: Iot Based Healthcare Challenges/limitations For Covid-19 And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Internet of Things and Sensors in Healthcare

Al-kahtani

Khan

Taekeun

2022

Self Cite

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an innovative technology with billions of sensors in various IoT applications. Important elements used in the IoT are sensors that collect data for desired analyses. The IoT and sensors are very important in smart cities, smart agriculture, smart education, healthcare systems, and other applications. The healthcare system uses the IoT to meet global health challenges, and the newest example is COVID-19. Demand has increased during COVID-19 for healthcare to reach patients remotely and digitally at their homes. The IoT properly monitors patients using an interconnected network to overcome the issues of healthcare services. The aim of this paper is to discuss different applications, technologies, and challenges related to the healthcare system. Different databases were searched using keywords in Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, ACM, ResearchGate, Scopus, Springer, etc. This paper discusses, highlights, and identifies the applications of IoT healthcare systems to provide research directions to healthcare, academia, and researchers to overcome healthcare system challenges. Hence, the IoT can be beneficial by providing better treatments using the healthcare system efficiently. In this paper, the integration of the IoT with smart technologies not only improves computation, but will also allow the IoT to be pervasive, profitable, and available anytime and anywhere. Finally, some future directions and challenges are discussed, along with useful suggestions that can assist the IoT healthcare system during COVID-19 and in a severe pandemic.