An efficient scheme for multi-party quantum state sharing via non-maximally entangled states

Abstract

We present a new scheme for investigating the usefulness of non-maximally entangled states for multi-party quantum state sharing in a simple and elegant manner. In our scheme, the sender, Alice shares n various probabilistic channels composed of non-maximally entangled states with n agents in a network. Our protocol involves only Bell-basis measurements, single qubit measurements, and a two-qubit unitary transformation operated by free optional agents. Our scheme is a more convenient realization because no other multipartite joint measurements are needed. Furthermore, in our scheme various probabilistic channels lessen the requirement for quantum channels, which makes it more practical for physical implementation. quantum state sharing, probabilistic channel, multi-particle state, two-particle entangled state Quantum secret sharing (QSS) is a method for creating a private key and dividing it between parties. It has potential applications ranging from quantum secure communication, quantum key distribution, and joint sharing of quantum money [1][2][3][4][5][6]. This research area covers classical secret sharing and quantum information sharing among multiple participants. The latter case was named "quantum state sharing" (QSTS) by Lance et al. [7]. The basic idea of QSTS in the multi-party case is that some information in a secret quantum state of a multi-qubit possessed by one person is distributed between that person, whom we call "Alice", and multiple remote recipients. This is done in such a way that it can be jointly reconstructed and shared only if all participants collaborate. In some sense, QSTS is equivalent to quantum-controlled teleportation. However, during the process of quantum teleportation, an unknown quantum state is transferred to a distant location without revealing any information about the state in the course of the transformation. For a general QSTS protocol, that information is not so restricted. The shared quantum states can be known or unknown in advance to the initial holder. In most QSTS protocols [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], entanglement is the main phenomenon used to share quantum information. So far, various entangled states have been extensively used in QSTS protocols, such as Bell states [7][8][9][10][11]

Probabilistic Teleportation of an Arbitrary Two-Qubit State via Two Partially Entangled States

“…Based on the quantum entanglement and measurement properties, the quantum mechanics, the specific nature of the collapse of contact transmission can be used in the case of not to send any quantum information, one can use the local operation and classical communication to realize the transmission of an unknown quantum state when the senders and receivers do not have any information about the quantum state. With the development of quantum teleportation, people gradually realize that quantum teleportation plays an important role in the field of quantum information, and lots of fruitful theoretical and experimental research results have been received [2][3][4][5][6]. W.L.…”