An efficient two-phase reaction of ethyl acetate production in modified ZSM-5 zeolites

Wu, Kuo Ching; Chen, Yu Wen

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2003.07.014

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The most popular solid acids catalyst used to produce esters were ion-exchange organic resins, such as Amberlyst-15 [7,8], zeolites [9][10][11], and silica-supported heteropoly acids [12,13]. Nevertheless, they have shown limitations in applicability for catalyzing esterification due to low thermal stability (Amberlyst-15 < 140 °C), mass transfer resistance (zeolites) [14,15], or loss of active acid sites in the presence of a polar medium (HPA/silica) [13].…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esterification of Fatty Acids with Short-Chain Alcohols over Commercial Acid Clays in a Semi-Continuous Reactor

2009

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Production of fatty acid esters from stearic, oleic, and palmitic acids and short-chain alcohols (methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol) for the production of biodiesel was investigated in this work. A series of montmorillonite-based clays catalysts (KSF, KSF/0, KP10, and K10) were used as acidic catalysts. The influence of the specific surface area and the acidity of the catalysts on the esterification rate were investigated. The best catalytic activities were obtained with KSF/0 catalyst. The esterification reaction has been carried out efficiently in a semi-continuous reactor at 150°C temperature higher than the boiling points of water and alcohol. The reactor used enabled the continuous removal of water and esterification with hydrated alcohol (ethanol 95%) without affecting the original activity of the clay.

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Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esterification of Fatty Acids with Short-Chain Alcohols over Commercial Acid Clays in a Semi-Continuous Reactor

2009

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“…By the extraction process natural esters can be obtained from the plant materials, and organic esters are synthesized by chemical routes. Esters are valuable and provide useful applications as flavor and fragrance compounds in cosmetics, beverages, food, coating, and adhesive industries . Esters also have diversified application as solvents and intermediates, plasticizers used in polymer industries, medicinal agents, and in drug delivery .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics, mass transfer, and thermodynamic and statistical modeling study for esterification of valeric acid with n‐butanol: Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis

Khudsange

Wasewar

2018

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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The esterification of valeric acid with n-butanol was studied with homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. The activity and performance of homogeneous ptoluenesulfonic acid and heterogeneous cation exchange resin catalysts Amberlyst 36, Indion 190, and Amberlite IRC-50 were evaluated. The pseudo-homogeneous kinetic model was used to investigate the kinetic parameters of homogeneous-and heterogeneous-catalyzed esterification. The UNIFAC (universal functional activity coefficient) approach was used to study the nonideality of the esterification reaction.The reaction was statistically modeled and optimized by the application of response surface methodology. The effects of independent variables such as reaction temperature, initial molar ratio, and catalyst loading on the conversion of valeric acid were investigated. The optimized conditions for the esterification reaction catalyzed by Amberlyst-36 were found as temperature 360.4 K, initial molar ratio 3.8, and catalyst loading 6.7 wt%. The predicted conversion (89%) at these optimized conditions is in good agreement with the experimental conversion (87.3 ± 1.6%). K E Y W O R D Sesterification, ion exchange resins, kinetics, p-toluenesulfonic acid, response surface methodology, UNI-FAC Int J Chem Kinet. 2018;50:710-725.wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/kin

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“…Recently, the synthesis of ethyl acetate has been studied by several groups with solid acid catalysts such as ion exchange resins (such as Amberlyst 15, and Nafion), zeolites (such as 5A, BEA, and ZSM‐5), sulphated oxides (such as SO 4 2‐ /ZrO 2 ), and heteropolyacids (such as 12‐Tungstophosphoric acid) . By taking the advantages of strong Brønsted/Lewis acid properties, thermostability, and hydrophobicity, HZSM‐5 zeolite is revealed as a green heterogeneous catalyst for the esterification reaction .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,12 The need for efficient and environmentally benign chemical processes has forced the replacement of harmful and corrosive liquid acids by green and sustainable solid acids owing to their easy catalyst recovery and corrosion prevention. 13 (such as Amberlyst 15, 14 and Nafion 15 ), zeolites (such as 5A, 16 BEA, 17 and ZSM-5 18 ), sulphated oxides (such as SO 4 2-/ZrO 2 ), 19 and heteropolyacids (such as 12-Tungstophosphoric acid). 20 By taking the advantages of strong Brønsted/Lewis acid properties, thermostability, and hydrophobicity, HZSM-5 zeolite is revealed as a green heterogeneous catalyst for the esterification reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic distillation for esterification of acetic acid with ethanol: promising SS‐fiber@HZSM‐5 catalytic packings and experimental optimization via response surface methodology

Deng

Ding

Zhao

et al. 2017

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND Catalytic distillation (CD) is considered a promising green chemical process for numerous catalytic esterification reactions. Rendering novel structured CD packings is particularly desirable but remains challenging. RESULTS A microfibrous‐structured HZSM‐5 solid acid catalyst is proposed as CD packing and its separation and esterification reaction efficiency for producing ethyl acetate from acetic acid and ethanol are demonstrated. Factorial design based on response surface methodology is employed for fast determination of optimum reaction conditions, which is working effectively and efficiently. Such structured catalyst packing is obtained by direct growth of zeolite onto the θ‐ring analogues shaped from a microfibrous‐structure consisting of 15 vol% 20 µm stainless‐steel‐fiber (SS‐fiber) and 85 vol% voidage. CONCLUSION The SS‐fiber@HZSM‐5 packing provides a unique combination of instantaneous distillation and desired catalytic properties with respect to stability, adequate acidic sites and high mass/heat transfer, and therefore works efficiently and effectively. High total (95.9%) and actual (90.9%) yields of ethyl acetate with 89.8% purity are achievable while the high CD efficiency was well‐preserved after at least 240 h over 30 consecutive batch runs. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry

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An efficient two-phase reaction of ethyl acetate production in modified ZSM-5 zeolites

Cited by 32 publications

References 14 publications

Esterification of Fatty Acids with Short-Chain Alcohols over Commercial Acid Clays in a Semi-Continuous Reactor

Esterification of Fatty Acids with Short-Chain Alcohols over Commercial Acid Clays in a Semi-Continuous Reactor

Kinetics, mass transfer, and thermodynamic and statistical modeling study for esterification of valeric acid with n‐butanol: Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis

Catalytic distillation for esterification of acetic acid with ethanol: promising SS‐fiber@HZSM‐5 catalytic packings and experimental optimization via response surface methodology

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