An electrochemical-sensor system for real-time flow measurements in porous materials

Rapid flow in multilayer microfluidic paper-based analytical devices

“…24 However, fast flow rates are needed for measurement of quasi-stable species and for enhancement of electrochemical signals through increased mass transport. 9,10,25 Recently, μPADs have been developed with increased sample velocities through use of either hollow channels, 18,22 carved channels, 15 or multiple layers of paper through stacking or folding. 9,10,22,26 Hollow channels, in particular, have been shown to give a ~7× increase in flow rate compared to single-layered devices.…”

Point-of-Care Diagnostics: Recent Developments in a Connected Age

“…A microfluidic device allowing for control of shear rates and gradients in a fluid stream allowed for monitoring of whole blood hemostasis and platelet function 228 . An electrochemical sensor system that monitored liquid flow in porous materials without affecting real flow in paper samples was built, showing the ability to characterize wettability signatures for paper samples of different geometry or composition 229 . Finally, novel designs for capillary pumps were introduced to minimize bubble entrapment and variability in metered volumes 230 .…”

Hemin/G-quadruplex-based DNAzyme concatamers for in situ amplified impedimetric sensing of copper(II) ion coupling with DNAzyme-catalyzed precipitation strategy

“…Electrochemical detection protocols are suitable for sensor miniaturization and automation because of their high sensitivity, low cost and low-power requirements (Liu et al, 2015;Bathany et al, 2015). For example, Li et al constructed a highly sensitive and doubly orientated selective molecularly imprinted voltammetric sensor for the detection of Cu 2 þ .…”