An encryption-then-compression system for JPEG standard

IEICE Trans. Inf. & Syst.

2018

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SUMMARYThe aim of this paper is to apply automatic jigsaw puzzle solvers, which are methods of assembling jigsaw puzzles, to the field of information security. Encryption-then-Compression (EtC) systems have been considered for the user-controllable privacy protection of digital images in social network services. Block scrambling-based encryption schemes, which have been proposed to construct EtC systems, have enough key spaces for protecting brute-force attacks. However, each block in encrypted images has almost the same correlation as that of original images. Therefore, it is required to consider the security from different viewpoints from number theory-based encryption methods with provable security such as RSA and AES. In this paper, existing jigsaw puzzle solvers, which aim to assemble puzzles including only scrambled and rotated pieces, are first reviewed in terms of attacking strategies on encrypted images. Then, an extended jigsaw puzzle solver for block scrambling-based encryption scheme is proposed to solve encrypted images including inverted, negative-positive transformed and color component shuffled blocks in addition to scrambled and rotated ones. In the experiments, the jigsaw puzzle solvers are applied to encrypted images to consider the security conditions of the encryption schemes.

Section: Experiments Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Block scrambling-based image encryption schemes have been proposed for EtC systems [5]- [8], in which a user wants to securely transmit image I to an audience, via a Social Networking Service (SNS) provider, as illustrated in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Block Scrambling-based Image Encryptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Security of Block Scrambling-Based EtC Systems against Extended Jigsaw Puzzle Solver Attacks

Chuman

Kurihara

IEICE Trans. Inf. & Syst.

2018

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“…Step 3: Apply negative-positive transformation to each block by using a random binary integer generated by a key K 3 , where K 3 is commonly used for all color components. [19], [20] (Bx = By = 16, n = 768) (c) Encrypted grayscale-based image using proposed scheme (Rectangular, Bx = By = 8, n = 9216) (d) Encrypted graycale-based image using proposed scheme (Square, Bx = By = 8, n = 9216)…”

Section: A Block Scrambling-based Image Encryptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We uploaded images encrypted by using the proposed scheme to Facebook and Twitter, and then downloaded them, as well as images encrypted using the conventional scheme [19], [20] and non-encrypted images to confirm the effective- [19], [20] (Bx = By = 16) ness of the proposed scheme.…”

Section: B Image Manipulation On Social Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Encryption-Then-Compression Systems Using Grayscale-Based Image Encryption for JPEG Images

Chuman

Sirichotedumrong

IEEE Trans.Inform.Forensic Secur.

2019

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209

145

A block scrambling-based encryption scheme is presented to enhance the security of Encryption-then-Compression (EtC) systems with JPEG compression, which allow us to securely transmit images through an untrusted channel provider, such as social network service providers. The proposed scheme enables the use of a smaller block size and a larger number of blocks than the conventional scheme. Images encrypted using the proposed scheme include less color information due to the use of grayscale images even when the original image has three color channels. These features enhance security against various attacks such as jigsaw puzzle solver and brute-force attacks. In an experiment, the security against jigsaw puzzle solver attacks is evaluated. Encrypted images were uploaded to and then downloaded from Facebook and Twitter, and the results demonstrated that the proposed scheme is effective for EtC systems.

“…With large amount of data, deep learning is often carried out in the cloud environments where privacy issues are generated. To securely transmit images through an untrusted channel, researchers have proposed Encryption-then-Compression (EtC) systems such as [2]- [4]. Nevertheless, most of the traditional image encryption schemes are not compatible with deep learning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adversarial Test on Learnable Image Encryption

MaungMaung

Sirichotedumrong

2019 IEEE 8th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE)

2019

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Data for deep learning should be protected for privacy preserving. Researchers have come up with the notion of learnable image encryption to satisfy the requirement. However, existing privacy preserving approaches have never considered the threat of adversarial attacks. In this paper, we ran an adversarial test on learnable image encryption in five different scenarios. The results show different behaviors of the network in the variable key scenarios and suggest learnable image encryption provides certain level of adversarial robustness.