An ENG-Inspired Microwave Sensor and Functional Technique for Label-Free Detection of &lt;italic&gt;Aspergillus Niger&lt;/italic&gt;

Kumari, Ratnesh; Patel, Piyush N.; Yadav, Rahul

doi:10.1109/jsen.2018.2822306

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Recently there has been increased growth in utilization of microwave sensors to improve quality assurance in various fields like food [1], healthcare [2], agriculture [3], and environment [4]. Advantages like low cost, ease of fabrication, robust design, and integration with other microwave devices are the main reasons for the popularity of microwave sensors based on complementary metamaterials (MTMs) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary Metamaterial Sensor for Nondestructive Evaluation of Dielectric Substrates

Haq

Ruan

Zhang

et al. 2019

Sensors

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In this paper, complementary metamaterial sensor is designed for nondestructive evaluation of dielectric substrates. The design concept is based on electromagnetic stored energy in the complementary circular spiral resonator (CCSR), which is concentrated in small volume near the host substrate at resonance. This energy can be employed to detect various electromagnetic properties of materials under test (MUT). Effective electric permittivity and magnetic permeability of the proposed sensor is extracted from scattering parameters. Sensitivity analysis is performed by varying the permittivity of MUT. After sensitivity analysis, a sensor is fabricated using standard PCB fabrication technique, and resonance frequency of the sensor due to interaction with different MUT is measured using vector network analyzer (AV3672series). The transcendental equation is derived for the fabricated sensor to calculate relative permittivity for unknown MUTs. This method is very simple and requires calculating only the resonant frequency, which reduces the cost and computation time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary Metamaterial Sensor for Nondestructive Evaluation of Dielectric Substrates

Haq

Ruan

Zhang

et al. 2019

Sensors

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“…Several characteristics make microwave sensors standout among other available options. These attributes include low-cost [15], high sensitivity [16], label-free [17], and non-intrusive evaluation [18]. In recent years, scientists have developed microwave sensors based on metamaterials because they are very sensitive to the ambient mediums' changes in electromagnetic properties [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Dielectric Substrates Using Dual Band Microwave Sensor

Armghan

Alanazi

Altaf³

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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In this work, a compact, inexpensive, and efficient dual band microwave sensor is proposed. The sensor is based on two Complementary Symmetric Split-Ring Resonators (CSSRRs) and possesses a high Q factor and wide sensing range. These CSSRRs are coupled electrically with two inductive patches to the Microstrip Transmission Line (MTL). This combination provides two dual bands, first at 5.35 GHz with a notch depth of -55.20 dB and second at 7.99 GHz with a notch depth of -22.54 dB. The sensor works in transmission mode and senses shift in frequency. Some commonly available dielectric substrates with relative permittivity ranges between 1 and 12 are considered Material Under Test (MUT), and detailed sensitivity analysis is being performed for each band. The dual band sensor is fabricated on a low-cost, widely available FR4 substrate and measured by CEYEAR AV3672D vector network analyzer. Additionally, the least square curve fitting method is used to develop a mathematical model for the measured results. An excellent agreement is observed between simulated, measured, and formulated results.

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“…They couple electrically with the microstrip line. At resonance, the large electric fringing fields produce in the ground plane which has been used for the characterization of materials' thickness [28], loss tangent [29], healthcare [30], agriculture [31], organic tissues analysis [32], and environment [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Precision Complementary Metamaterial Sensor Using Slotted Microstrip Transmission Line

Samad

Shahzad

et al. 2021

Journal of Sensors

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Metamaterial-based microwave sensor having novel and compact structure of the resonators and the slotted microstrip transmission line is proposed for highly precise measurement of dielectric properties of the materials under test (MUTs). The proposed sensor is designed and simulated on Rogers’ substrate RO4003C by using the ANSYS HFSS software. A single and accumulative notch depth of -44.29 dB in the transmission coefficient ( S 21 ) is achieved at the resonant frequency of 5.15 GHz. The negative constitutive parameters (permittivity and permeability) are extracted from the S -parameters which are the basic property of metamaterials or left handed materials (LHMs). The proposed sensor is fabricated and measured through the PNA-X (N5247A). The sensitivity analysis is performed by placing various standard dielectric materials onto the sensor and measuring the shift in the resonant frequencies of the MUTs. A parabolic equation of the proposed sensor is formulated to approximate the resonant frequency and the relative permittivity of the MUTs. A very strong agreement among the simulated, measured, and calculated results is found which reveals that the proposed sensor is a highly precise sensor for the characterization of dielectric properties of the MUTs. Error analysis is performed to determine the accuracy of the proposed sensor. A very small percentage of error (0.81%) and a very low standard deviation are obtained which indicate high accuracy of the proposed sensor.

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An ENG-Inspired Microwave Sensor and Functional Technique for Label-Free Detection of <italic>Aspergillus Niger</italic>

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Complementary Metamaterial Sensor for Nondestructive Evaluation of Dielectric Substrates

Complementary Metamaterial Sensor for Nondestructive Evaluation of Dielectric Substrates

Characterization of Dielectric Substrates Using Dual Band Microwave Sensor

High‐Precision Complementary Metamaterial Sensor Using Slotted Microstrip Transmission Line

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