An Entropy Approach to Wireless Power Transmission by Magnetic Resonance

Abdehady, Salama

doi:10.5539/apr.v5n5p29

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Such results may be considered as a proof that magnetic work used to attract the balls is equally substituted by the heat lost from the water; or that potential of heat is replaced by magnetic potential to substitute the lost magnetic energy from the magnet. Similarly, it was possible to measure the equivalence of the heating rates, in magnetic fluids, to the subjected alternating magnetic power [27]. Reviewing also the definition of the magnetocaloric effect in literature as applied in refrigeration; it is possible to deduce the same conclusion of similarity of the natures of heat and magnetic flux [28].…”

Section: Interchangeability Of Energiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…" which determine the location of the axis of its oscillations [9]. So, this figure defines the electric energy as flow of ionized quanta of energy; each of magnitude " J/wave" and a potential of the value " [20]. The flow of magnetic energy is represented by the following equation as flow of electromagnetic waves of magnetic potential: Graphical representation of this equation is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Notes on the International System (SI) of Units

Elhady

2020

International Journal of Applied Energy Systems

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According to many scientists; there are some redundancies in the SI system of units that is found in the non-correspondence between units of analogous parameters in the electric, magnetic and thermal fields. The main source of such conflicts is the missing clear definitions of electric charge and magnetic flux in literature that led also to errors in laws of electromagnetism. In the present study; we show such redundancies and conflicts. Then, we introduce innovative definitions of the electric charge and magnetic flux as electromagnetic waves of electrical or magnetic potentials which proved its success in robust definitions in electromagnetism to remove such redundancies. Such approach keeps the correspondence between the units of analogous parameters in the electric, magnetic and thermal fields. In this system; the Volt is used as a unique scale for measurement the potentials of the thermal, electric and magnetic fields and entropy of each field is used as indicator of the flowing energies in Joule/Volt.

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Section: Interchangeability Of Energiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Notes on the International System (SI) of Units

Elhady

2020

International Journal of Applied Energy Systems

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“…Such results may be considered as a proof that magnetic work used to work used to attract the balls is equally substituted by the heat lost from the water; or that potential of heat is replaced by magnetic potential to substitute the lost magnetic energy from the magnet. Similarly, it was possible to measure the equivalence of the heating rates, in magnetic fluids, to the subjected alternating magnetic power [22]. Reviewing also the definition of the magnetocaloric effect in literature as applied in refrigeration; it is possible to deduce the same conclusion of similarity of the natures of heat and magnetic flux [23].…”

Section: Similarity and Reversible Interchangeability Of Heat Electrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the increase of entropy by heat, electric and magnetic energies has the same unit, in Joule/Volt, the total increase of a system that embraces the transfer of such energies was estimated directly as a sum of increase of entropies resulted such flows according to the following equation [24]: (22) …”

Section: Units and Dimensions In Electromagnetismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2018

JPSA

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Thermodynamics is a branch of physics which deals with the energy flow into systems. There are two principal laws of thermodynamics which are described on separate slides. The first law of thermodynamics relates to the transfer of various forms of energy, as heat, electric, magnetic and chemical energies to produce mechanical work. This law is sometimes taken as the definition of internal energy, and introduces an additional state variable, enthalpy. The first law of thermodynamics allows for many possible states of a system to exist. But experience indicates that there is only one direction for natural processes to proceed. This leads to the second law of thermodynamics and the definition of another state variable called entropy. The second law stipulates that the total entropy of a system plus its environment cannot decrease; it can remain constant for a reversible process but must always increase for irreversible or natural processes. However, the limited number of authors is concerned by systems that involve the transfer of electric and magnetic energies in addition to the flow of heat in studying a general thermodynamic system. The submitted review follows an entropy approach that introduces clear definitions of the electric charge and magnetic flux to clarify ambiguities of the natures of such fluxes in literature. So, the first and second laws of thermodynamics are applied on thermo-electromagnetic processes that embrace the flow of mechanical, thermal, electric, and magnetic energies into systems that involve fluids or solids. Accordingly, it was possible to modify redundancies in the SI system of units. Following the entropy approach, it was possible to cast the Maxwell's equations into an energy frame of reference to explain the discovered Tesla's wireless power transmission as "Electrical Radiant Energy", and the MIT discovery of wireless power transmission of the magnetic flux as "Evanescent Waves" and to clarify fuzziness of the duality confusion by specifying a unique property for the electron as a particle and a unique property for the light as a wave. Consequently, it was possible also to prove that the semiconductors efficiency responds mainly to the concentration of the incident solar energy, i.e. incident solar energy per unit area, and it is partially influenced by the wavelength.

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“…, E r s r s ϕ = Such definition of the nature of magnetic flux as electromagnetic waves of magnetic potential found a plausible explanation of the MIT discovery of wireless power transmission by magnetic resonant coupling which was identified as "evanescent waves". Such waves can be plausibly defined as wireless transfer of normal magnetic flux, of wave-nature, through air by the high potential of the discovered magnetic resonant coupling [41]. Similarly, it helps to find a simple universal system of units that solves the complexities if the SI system of units in the field of electrodynamics [42].…”

Section: The Nature Of Electric Charge and Magnetic Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Entropy Approach to the Natures of the Electric Charge and Magnetic Flux

Abdelhady¹,

Abd-Elhady²

2015

JEMAA

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As a result of investigating analytically and experimentally the interchangeability between thermal, electrical and magnetic energies, it is proved in the presented study that the electric and magnetic energies have an equivalent grade and nature as the thermal energy. So, the natural flow of electric charges and magnetic flux is associated also by increase of entropy of universe, similar to the heat, and has the same nature of waves as the electromagnetic heat radiation. Casting the Maxwell's wave equation into an energy frame of reference that replaces the time in wave equations by entropy, it is possible to represent the electric charges and magnetic flux as electromagnetic waves of electric and magnetic potentials. Such results lead to modify exclusively the definition of the physical nature of the electric charge and magnetic flux which is unavailable in literature.

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An Entropy Approach to Wireless Power Transmission by Magnetic Resonance

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Notes on the International System (SI) of Units

Notes on the International System (SI) of Units

Untitled

An Entropy Approach to the Natures of the Electric Charge and Magnetic Flux

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