An Epidemic of Loneliness and Isolation The Effect of COVID-19 on Urban Youth Mental Health

Abstract

This study explores the profound psychosocial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on young people in Newark, NJ, with a focus on the mental health challenges arising from drastic societal changes like "Stay at Home" orders, school closures, and the cancellation of major events. Our research hypothesizes that youth engagement in community activities during the pandemic fostered stronger coping mechanisms for mental health challenges. Conducted a focus group in May 2023 with 43 youths and adolescents from the greater Newark area. Participants engaged in discussions led by guest speakers and mental health professionals, focusing on coping strategies and resilience. Participants completed a comprehensive 50-item questionnaire, based on five validated surveys, to assess aspects of youth mental health, self-efficacy, and self-awareness. Our findings indicate a diverse group, with 72% identifying as Hispanic/Latino and 34.9% as Black/African American, and 57% considering themselves economically disadvantaged. A significant majority (79.1%) reported that disconnection from friends and family was the most stressful aspect of the pandemic, closely followed by feelings of loneliness and isolation (72.1%). The study reveals concerning levels of social-emotional distress, with over 60% of participants scoring above 21 on the Social Emotional Distress Scale-Secondary, indicating substantial challenges in their relationships and overall well-being. Therefore, enhancing social connectedness is crucial for the mental well-being of urban youth. Calling for strengthened partnerships with community organizations to provide essential social support and advocates for bolstering the social infrastructure to ensure access to beneficial programs and services, enabling youth to thrive and reach their full potential.