An Epidemiological Survey on the Assessment of Risk Factors during Pregnancy

Abstract

Pregnancy is described as a condition or a state from the time of conception up to the time of delivery. The ‘high-risk’ pregnancy means a woman has one or more things that raise her-or her baby’s chances for health problems or preterm (early) delivery. High blood pressure, obesity, diabetes, epilepsy, thyroid disease, smoking, alcohol, using illegal drugs, heart or blood disorder, poorly controlled asthma, malnutrition anemia, multiple pregnancy, pregnancy history and infection can increase the risk of pregnancy. This study was basically a descriptive type of epidemiological study based on the concept of active surveillance. The elements involved to study were risk factors involved during pregnancy like Pre-eclampsia, Gestational Diabetes, Thyroid, delivery related complications and weight gain during pregnancy. The data obtained was categorized and analyzed using graphical representations as charts, graphs and other means. The descriptive responses were analyzed individaually. Out of 100, 27 women were suffering from complications during late age pregnancy include Gestational Diabetes, Thyroid, complications due to High Blood Pressure, Cyst in Uterus, Bed Rest due to previous Miscarriage, Bleeding in Second Trimester, Acute Body Pain, Acute Rise in Blood pressure. Premature delivery was seen due to late age pregnancy. 16 out of 100 women had premature delivery i.e in 33 to 35 weeks of pregnancy or 7th and 8th month of pregnancy. In late age pregnancy, there were total 59 responses out of 100, 27(45.7%) women facing problems due to late age pregnancy like high BP, stillbirth, death of fetus in womb, thyroid, gestational diabetes and complications during delivery and 54.20% women were not having any problems. Women who suffered pregnancy induced hypertension, out of 57women 17(29.82%) were facing problems like depression, anxiety, miscarriage, weakness, vomiting, nausea. Out of 100 women, 9 women suffered from gestational diabetes and 10 women had prolonged diabetes. So from above results, it is considered that women who are 35 years and above are considered to be at “high risk” for pregnancy. Women who were aged 22-30 years didn’t suffer from such diseases but gestational diabetes was observed in some cases. Women who were aged 28-35 years suffered miscarriage and abortion due to reasons unknown.