An Evaluation of Pixel-Based Methods for the Detection of Floating Objects on the Sea Surface

Abstract

Ship-based automatic detection of small floating objects on an agitated sea surface remains a hard problem. Our main concern is the detection of floating mines, which proved a real threat to shipping in confined waterways during the first Gulf War, but applications include salvaging, search-and-rescue operation, perimeter, or harbour defense. Detection in infrared (IR) is challenging because a rough sea is seen as a dynamic background of moving objects with size order, shape, and temperature similar to those of the floating mine. In this paper we have applied a selection of background subtraction algorithms to the problem, and we show that the recent algorithms such as ViBe and behaviour subtraction, which take into account spatial and temporal correlations within the dynamic scene, significantly outperform the more conventional parametric techniques, with only little prior assumptions about the physical properties of the scene. 2 EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing www.awm.gov.au 304925

The Special Case of Sea Mines

“…The latter could be useful when classifying object tracks as foreground or background. Essentially, the main disadvantages of these approaches are dealing with the large quantity and high variability of the dynamic background targets, and with the restrained target information delivered by infrared image arrays [17]. Optical flow [18] and block-matching [19] techniques have been applied with promising results.…”

Deteksi Objek Terapung pada Sungai Martapura dengan Metode Haar Like Feature Menggunakan Kamera Smart Phone

“…Pada penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya sudah ada yang mampu mendeteksi objek bergerak, namun kebanyakan menggunakan metode Gaussian (Waliulu 2018;Zhu et al, 2018;Athira et al, 2018), Support Vector Machine (SVM) (Komorkiewicz et al, 2012;Bencheriet 2018) dan Independent Component Analysis (ICA) (Déniz et al, 2003). Sedangkan berdasarkan lokasinya, tentang pendeteksian objek hanya untuk mendeteksi objek yang ada di darat (Komorkiewicz et al, 2012;Waliulu 2018), serta untuk mendeteksi objek yang ada di laut (Borghgraef et al, 2010;Hinojosa et al, 2011).…”

GPU Based Real-time Floating Object Detection System

“…Therefore, a computer vision system which is able to automatically detect floating mine will be very important to ship safety. In [6], a background subtraction based method was used to detect small objects on the sea surface.…”