An Evaluation of Stocking and Regeneration Capacity of Naturally Growing Acacia gerrardii (Benth) in Central Regions of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

The present study was carried out in central region of Saudi Arabia. The objective of the study was to evaluate the diversity, stocking and regeneration capacity of the natural growing Acacia gerrardii (Benth) in 5 sites selected from three governments namely; Huraymila', Dhurmah and Dawadmi. The sampling of Acacia species was conducted within circular sample plots. Inside each site, three sample plots were selected to determine the regeneration capacity, tree stocking and productivity. The results indicated that the growth diversity and stand structure of naturally growing Acacia gerrardii in Riyadh region varied with location. Most of the trees in locations occurred as woodlots. Dawadmi recorded the maximum tree stocking and productivity. The regeneration capacity in Huraymila' was higher whereas the least total seedling ha -1 was record at Dawadmi location. Removing trees for various purposes reduced heavily the stocking density of the trees, regeneration capacity and the chlorophyll contents in locations. The stocking density and regeneration in locations were low cause of indiscriminate cutting of trees and intensive grazing. Tree heights were below the average as a result to low stocking density and increased natural spacing between trees. Acacia gerrardii woodlots in this area require immediate intervention and protection to attain sustainability.

Virulence of Helicobacter pylori outer membrane proteins: an updated review

“…Proteomic studies on E. coli, Leptospira, and P. aeruginosa have proven that OMPs are related to bacterial resistance to antibiotics [80][81][82]. The adhesion of OMPs can stimulate the immune response of the host cell and promote the intracellular signal transduction of the proinflammatory cells, so OMPs can be used as an immunizing antigen [83]. It is also thought that mucosal immunity, rather than systemic immunity with the production of IgG, plays a greater role in adhesin-based vaccines [84].…”