“…Using data from Zeng et al (14), the noise and stutter distribution were characterized for 23 STRs included in PowerSeq TM Auto System (CSF1PO, D10S1248, D12S391, D13S317, D16S539, D18S51, D19S433, D1S1656, D21S11, D22S1045, D2S1338, D2S441, D3S1358, D5S818, D7S820, D8S1179, DYS391, FGA, Penta D, Penta E, TH01, TPOX, and vWA) (Promega Corporation, Madison, WI, USA). While the sample size is small (as this is a preliminary study to describe the main artifacts), the results show that multiple stutter species can be observed.…”