An evaluation of thermoplastic composite fillers derived from construction and demolition waste based on their economic and environmental characteristics

Sormunen, Petri; Deviatkin, Ivan; Horttanainen, Mika; Kärki, Timo

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125198

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Research to date has mainly focused on the development of WPCs made of polymer waste and virgin wood fillers [ 34 , 35 ]. Only a limited number of mechanical performance studies have been reported for WPCs made of both recycled wood filler and polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterisation of Wood Polymer Composites Using Sustainable Raw Materials

et al. 2022

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In recent years, composites consisting of polymers and cellulosic materials have attracted increasing research attention. Polypropylene (PP) is among the most common polymer types found in excavated waste from landfills. Moreover, wood waste generated from wood products manufacturing such as sawdust (SD) offers a good potential for the fabrication of composite materials, and it is readily available in the environment. In this paper, wood polymer composites (WPC) consisting of recycled PP (rPP) and (SD) were prepared and characterised. A range of mechanical properties, including tensile strength, flexural properties, creep and hardness were studied, along with morphology, thermal properties, water degradation and contact angle. The results showed that the mechanical and thermal properties of rPP increased with an increase in 40 wt% of the SD content. Furthermore, the SD content significantly influenced the water uptake of the composites. Time–temperature superposition (TTS) was applied to predict the long-term mechanical performance from short-term accelerated creep tests at a range of elevated temperatures. The short-term creep test showed efficient homogeneity between the fillers and matrix with increasing temperature. The produced wood polymer composites displayed a comparable physical property to virgin polymer and wood and could potentially be used for various structural materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterisation of Wood Polymer Composites Using Sustainable Raw Materials

et al. 2022

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“…Recycling materials play a key role in the mitigation of pollution problems. 1,2 With the growing concerns about environment, thermoplastics have received widespread attention, thanks to their processability in melt form and inherent recyclability. 3,4 Among common thermoplastics, polypropylene (PP) polymer is increasingly gaining favor in many engineering applications 5 considering its low cost, chemical resistance, and promising mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi-static perforation response of inter-ply hybrid polypropylene composites at various temperatures

Öztoprak

Özdemir

Kandas

2021

Journal of Composite Materials

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This study is motivated by the lack of knowledge in the research of mechanical characterization of thermoplastic composites (TPCs) with additional fiber hybridization. To enhance the mechanical properties of long glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene (PP) composite, hybridization via alkaline-treated aramid and carbon fabrics is performed. High performance fabrics modified with 10 wt.% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solution are incorporated into the PP composite as reinforcements. Herewith, four arrangements (hybrid composites) for two different reinforcements and two different stacking configurations and the monolithic composite are separately investigated in terms of quasi-static perforation behavior. Failure mechanisms are also evaluated at macro level by visual observations and micro scales through a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results provide a basis for selecting fiber-enabled hybridization and lay-up configuration with improved perforation resistance. Moreover, the influence of test temperature is reported for three different values as 20°C, 60°C, and 100°C. Based upon the results, the maximum penetration force of hybrid configuration with single-layered aramid fabric reinforcements is approximately 15.5% higher than that of single-layered carbon fabric reinforcements at 60°C test temperature. It is further observed that the absorbed energy improves as the number of fabrics is increased in both aramid and carbon reinforcements. The test temperatures significantly affect the failure mechanisms of TPCs. A smaller damaged area at the penetrated faces of the hybrid structures is obtained by comparison with the monolithic TPCs.

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“…[ 165,166] Compatibilizers Ethylene-ethylacrylate (EEA), ethylenebutylacrylate (EBA), maleic anhydride, glycidyl methacrylate…”

Section: Class Of Additives Examples Role Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable recycling technologies for thermoplastic polymers and their composites: A review of the state of the art

et al. 2022

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This review article discusses the environmental and economic effects of recycling, as well as sustainable thermoplastic polymer recycling technologies. Several researchers have utilized recycled thermoplastics as matrices in the production of a variety of natural and synthetic‐based composites, which is also the focus of this study. All of the industries (food and packaging, construction and building, transportation, and indoor usage) where recycled thermoplastics have a large market share (food and packaging, construction and building, transportation, and indoor usage) are covered in this review. The desirable properties of thermoplastic polymers, such as corrosion resistance, low density, and user‐friendliness, have caused plastic production to surpass aluminum and other metals in use over the past 60 years. Furthermore, recycling is one of the most important measures available to mitigate these effects and is one of the most dynamic segments of the plastics industry at present. Increased landfilling and incineration of plastics have a negative impact on the ecosystem, and the continued increase in the production of virgin fossil plastic also has a negative impact on the environment. Consequently, this continuous production could lead to the depletion of fossil fuel resources, an increase in environmental emissions during processing, and eventual incineration. Increasing numbers of nations are adopting the circular economy concept in an effort to avoid all of these problems. This concept emphasizes the reuse of products and resources, as well as the recycling of materials according to the waste hierarchy, rather than their cremation or disposal in the environment.

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An evaluation of thermoplastic composite fillers derived from construction and demolition waste based on their economic and environmental characteristics

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Preparation and Characterisation of Wood Polymer Composites Using Sustainable Raw Materials

Preparation and Characterisation of Wood Polymer Composites Using Sustainable Raw Materials

Quasi-static perforation response of inter-ply hybrid polypropylene composites at various temperatures

Sustainable recycling technologies for thermoplastic polymers and their composites: A review of the state of the art

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