An event-related potential study on exposure therapy for patients suffering from spider phobia

The psychometric properties of the late positive potential during emotion processing and regulation

“…the ERN and P3; as well as greater internal consistency than EMG activity) and shows sufficiently high internal consistency as to be considered reliable during a recording session. Additionally, the internal consistency of the LPP is sufficient to warrant its continued use in the study of individual differences in emotion processing/regulation (Leutgeb et al, 2009;Weinberg and Hajcak, 2011;MacNamara and Hajcak, 2010;Foti et al, 2010;Moser, 2012;Kujawa et al, in press) as well as the study of the LPP as a neural marker for affective psychopathology (Dennis and Hajcak, 2009). With respect to stability with increasing trials, the successive binning procedure indicated that when mean amplitudes are based on 8 trials all indices suggest that the LPP has become relatively stable.…”

“…Specifically, the LPP elicited in response to a negative image is attenuated when participants are instructed to reinterpret the image in neutral terms (Hajcak and Nieuwenhuis, 2006;Moser et al, 2006Moser et al, , 2009Moser et al, 2010;Thiruchselvam et al, 2011). Additionally, recent investigations have begun studying aberrations in the LPP in groups demonstrating emotion regulation deficits, including individuals with phobias (Leutgeb et al, 2009), generalized anxiety (Weinberg and Hajcak, 2011;MacNamara and Hajcak, 2010), and depression (Foti et al, 2010;Kujawa et al, in press). Thus, some researchers have suggested that the LPP may be a useful neural marker for detecting risk for disruptions in emotion and emotion regulation (Dennis and Hajcak, 2009).…”

Affective impact and electrocortical correlates of a psychotherapeutic microintervention: An ERP study of cognitive restructuring

“…EEG is particularly feasible for ERP study on cognitive restructuring 551 investigating treatment mechanisms of action, as the method is non-invasive, cost-effective, and provides excellent temporal resolution to detect neuronal changes. However, relatively few studies of psychotherapy to date have used EEG (e.g., Gutberlet & Miltner, 1999;Leutgeb, Schäfer, & Schienle, 2009). For example, we were unable to find a single treatment study focusing on the psychophysiological impact of cognitive restructuring.…”

Psychotherapy Outcome Research and Neuroimaging

“…Because of issues arising with repeated measurements in neuroimaging (habituation and training effects) or the possibility of spontaneous recovery over the time, only the use of control groups, such as healthy controls groups and/or a waitlist control group, allows excluding possible confounds from the observed changes. Many of the discussed studies used a healthy control group (Baxter et al 1992;Nakatani et al 2003;Nakao et al 2005;Nabeyama et al 2008;Saxena et al 2009;Paquette et al 2003;Straube et al 2006;Schienle et al 2007Schienle et al , 2009Goosens et al 2007;Leutgeb et al 2009;Brody et al 2001b;Fu et al 2008;Dichter et al 2009Dichter et al , 2010Farrow et al 2005;Lindauer et al 2005Lindauer et al , 2008Pagani et al 2007) and some also a waitlist control group (Furmark et al 2002;Straube et al 2006;Schienle et al 2007;Leutgeb et al 2009;Lehto et al 2008;Lindauer et al 2005Lindauer et al , 2008.…”