An experimental and theoretical characterization of a broadband arbitrarily-polarized rectenna array

Hagerty, Joseph A.; Popović, Zoya

doi:10.1109/mwsym.2001.967269

Cited by 48 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In the past few decades, a considerable amount of work has been done in the area of wireless powering, including RF inductive powering for short ranges [1], high power density directive powering in the microwave frequency range [2][3][4], as well as low-power near-field interrogation with RFID tags, and medium-and low-power density powering of low-power sensors [5][6][7][8]. This paper addresses low-power sensor applications as described in Fig.1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wirelessly-Powered Wireless Sensor Platform

Paing

Morroni

Dolgov

et al. 2007

2007 European Conference on Wireless Technologies

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This paper presents a low-power (~10μ μ μ μW) 2.45-GHz wireless sensor platform consisting of a three-axis accelerometer, thermometer and skin conductivity sensor. The sensor is powered wirelessly from a distance of around 3-4m with narrowband 2.45-GHz dual-polarized low power density radiation of around 100μ μ μ μW/cm 2 . Efficient power management enables the powering function to be independent of the wireless transmission and sensor data gathering. The sensor platform does not require battery replacements, and is intended for lowmaintenance assistive technology, elder-care and medical applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wirelessly-Powered Wireless Sensor Platform

Paing

Morroni

Dolgov

et al. 2007

2007 European Conference on Wireless Technologies

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“…A first successful attempt towards the conversion of microwave electromagnetic energy to DC electrical power was made using a single rectenna harvester. [12][13][14][15] More recently, metamaterials [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and metasurfaces [25][26][27][28][29] were proposed for this purpose. [30][31][32] Indeed, metamaterials can be designed to resonate at particular frequencies depending on their shape, geometry, size, and orientation, and they provide a powerful platform for electromagnetic wave manipulation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Designing an efficient rectifying cut-wire metasurface for electromagnetic energy harvesting

Tekam

Ginis

Danckaert

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

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Electromagnetic energy harvesting, i.e., capturing energy from ambient microwave signals, may become an essential part in extending the battery lifetime of wearable devices. Here, we present a design of a microwave energy harvester based on a cut-wire metasurface with an integrated PN junction diode. The cut wire with a quasistatic electric-dipole moment is designed to have a resonance at 6.75 GHz, leading to a substantial cross-section for absorption. The external microwaves create a unidirectional current through the rectifying action of the integrated diode. Using an electrical-circuit model, we design the operating frequency and the resistive load of the cut wire. Subsequently, by optimizing our design using full-wave numerical simulations, we obtain an energy harvesting efficiency of 50% for incident power densities in agreement with the typical power density of WiFi signals. Finally, we study the effect of connecting adjacent unit cells of the metasurface in parallel by a thin highly inductive wire and we demonstrate that this allows for the collection of current from all individual cells, while the microwave resonance of the unit cell is not significantly altered, thus solving the wiring problem that arises in many nonlinear metamaterials.

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“…The most important issue in the rectenna design is obtaining high efficiency. Approaches like broadband antennas [23], large antenna arrays [24], and circular polarized antennas [25] have been investigated in the past several years to achieve this goal. Another approach includes the suppression of harmonics generated by the nonlinear characteristics of the diode.…”

Section: ⅳ Conversion Efficiency Of the Rectennamentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Power Transfer System

Arai¹

2011

Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science

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This paper presents a survey of recent wireless power transfer systems. The issue of wireless power transfer is to achieve a highly efficient system with small positioning errors of the facilities setting. Several theories have been presented to obtain precise system design. This paper presents a summary of design theory for short range power transfer systems and detailed formulations based on a circuit model and an array of infinitesimal dipoles. In addition to these theories, this paper introduces a coil array scheme for improving the efficiency for off axis coils. In the microwave range, tightly coupled resonators provide a highly efficient power transfer system. This paper present sanoverlay resonator array consisting of half wavelength microstrip line resonators on the substrate with electromagnetically coupled parasitic elements placed above the bottom resonators. The tight couplings between the waveguide and the load resonator give strong power transmission and achieve a highly efficient system, and enables a contact-less power transfer railroad. Its basic theory and a demonstration of a toy vehicle operating with this system are presented. In the last topic of this paper, harmonic suppression from the rectenna is discussed with respect to acircular microstrip antenna with slits and stubs. Ⅰ. IntroductionSeveral solutions have been proposed for wireless power transfer using electromagnetic (EM) waves. For example, Felica utilizes electromagnetically inductive coils [1] over a very short distance. One of the hottest issues is non-radiative mid-range energy transfer [2]. This has weak tolerance for positioning and the coverage area is limited near the coil, however, it is a good candidate for high power transfer for fixed to fixed point applications. After its demonstration by the MIT group, many researchers carried out further studies and presented design methods. This is sometimes referred toas "magnetic field resonance"; however, it is simply understood as the strong coupling between two resonators. Its transfer efficiencydepends heavily on the distance between coils and is around 90 % at 1 m and 40 % at 2 m [2]. Although substantial electric power transmission is expected to charge an electric vehicle, a standard of small power less than 5 W was provided by the consortium [3]. In order to charge mobile devices, the detection of the device position is a key issue. The movement of coupling coils and the coil array are major schemes for free positioning of the device to be charged. Several applications using these methods are already on the market as cell phone chargers.A basic theory for coil coupling is given by circuit theory [2], [4], and is also explained by a filter theory [5] and others. This paper presents a simple circuit theory based one lectromagnetism to find the coupling efficiency between coils. In practical power transfer applications, the efficiency is a very important factor. To improve the transfer efficiency, an parameter optimization of the coil [6] and a coil array approach ha...

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An experimental and theoretical characterization of a broadband arbitrarily-polarized rectenna array

Cited by 48 publications

References 7 publications

Wirelessly-Powered Wireless Sensor Platform

Wirelessly-Powered Wireless Sensor Platform

Designing an efficient rectifying cut-wire metasurface for electromagnetic energy harvesting

Wireless Power Transfer System

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