An Experimental Insight into the Smoldering-Flaming Transition Phenomenon

Shrivastava, Poorva; Baweja, Chakshu; Nalawade, Herambraj; Kumar, Amit; Ramanan, Vikram; Malhotra, Vinayak

doi:10.1155/2017/4062945

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For instance, increased levels of oxygen or airflow can strongly induce the transition to flaming, caused by a spontaneous gas‐phase ignition or induced by glowing embers . Transition from smoldering to flaming fire has previously been only sporadically reported, but has more recently been investigated more systematically …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of particle granularity on smoldering fire in wood chips made from wood waste: An experimental study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fires in wood waste storages cause financial losses, are difficult to extinguish, and emit large amounts of fire effluents. The mechanisms related to fires in wood chip piles are not well elucidated. To find suitable preventive measures for handling such fires in wood waste, a better understanding of the physical properties of wood waste is needed. The present study investigates how granularity affects mechanisms of smoldering fire and transition to flaming in wood chip piles. Eighteen experiments with samples inside a top-ventilated, vertical cylinder were conducted. Heating from underneath the cylinder induced auto-ignition and smoldering fire, and temperatures and mass loss of the sample were measured. The results showed that granularity significantly affects the smoldering fire dynamics. Material containing larger wood chips (length 4-100 mm) demonstrated more irregular temperature development, higher temperatures, faster combustion, and higher mass losses than material of smaller wood chips (length <4 mm). The larger wood chips also underwent transition to flaming fires. Flaming fires were not observed for small wood chips, which instead demonstrated prolonged and steady smoldering propagation. The differences are assumed to be partly due to the different bulk densities of the samples of large and small wood chips affecting the ventilation conditions. Increased knowledge about these combustion processes and transition to flaming is vital to develop risk-reducing measures when storing wood chips made from wood waste in piles.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of particle granularity on smoldering fire in wood chips made from wood waste: An experimental study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In recently, Shrivastava, et. al., [9] experimentally investigated smoldering to flaming transition by induced parametric variations viz., separation distance, number of external heat source, symmetrical placements and enclosure area. The work verified the existence of coupled transitions and momentous energy transfer.…”

Section: Enfht 130-3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Analysis and Perspective of Flaming Transition through Images

Dash¹,

Ramanan²,

Malhotra³

2018

Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress on Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Combustion process in propulsion systems comprises of premixed flames and diffusion flames. As an active chemical propulsion system, the efficiency of operations depends significantly upon the type of combustion. In real cases, the transition of flames from one mode to another is noted in wide range of cases. This has necessitated research efforts to fundamentally understand the phenomenon for better combustion and thus better propulsion. The combustion transition from pre-mixed to the diffusion state is one of the least explored and quantitatively analysed domains. Present work, experimentally attempts to extensively study and quantify the physical causes thoroughly through manually induced transition in a butane-based cylinder fitted with a nozzle by using image processing techniques. The manually induced transition is processed by varying the inlet area for air entrainment. The phenomenon is systematically video-graphed and image segmentation is carried out to acquire the desired characters. These methods are implemented in unison to theoretically establish a non-dimensional parameter associated with the transition process and thus characterizing it. The results obtained from this experiment could be easily applied to liquid propellant-based propulsion systems for terrestrial and outer space utilities, where micro-gravity conditions play the cardinal role in combustion physics. Results acquired from the experiments are expected to be very helpful in application to space propulsion systems by yielding a prospective insight into the subject, leading to significant improvement in the efficiency and Eco-friendliness of existing propulsion systems.

show abstract

Analysis of the Issue of Special Clothing in the Operation of Fire Protection Units

Rabajczyk

Wolański

2023

SAFETY &Amp; FIRE TECHNOLOGY

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim: The paper is aimed at presenting selected problems of the impact of the incident environment on the body of a firefighter-rescuer who is protected with standard personal protective equipment (PPE). The article is an overview and presents the hazards associated with working in harsh environmental conditions, followed by the characteristics of firefighters’ PPE (in particular, special clothing) that play a key role in such conditions. Introduction: The safety of those involved in a fire incident is a very important issue – both in terms of proper management of human resources and the organization of activities in the situation of the incident and after it. The article presents content related to the impact of selected environments on firefighter-rescuers and the importance of firefighters’ “special clothing” during operations. The information on the influence of hot and cold microclimate environments and chemical activity as a consequence of processes occurring during a fire is presented. The issue of the operation of the complex environment of the tactical field and its impact on those involved in incidents was addressed. Methodology: The article is based on a review of selected literature on the addressed subject. Conclusions: During an incident involving not only operations during a fire, but also after the fire is extinguished, a firefighter-rescuer is simultaneously exposed to many factors. In addition to the stress that accompanies such activities, physical and chemical factors that occur side by side should also be considered, often broadening and intensifying the negative impact. The analysis should cover the fullest possible range of factors to which a person is subjected and allow him/her to be equipped with the appropriate protective tools, which are the firefighter’s PPE. The introduced innovations should be multidirectional and include minimizing the risk of high or low temperatures, inhalation poisoning, or skin contact with toxins. In doing so, it should be kept in mind that changes in the structure and properties of clothing must correspond to both the trends observed in the market, the economy and the dynamics of the course of fire. Therefore, it is necessary to work in parallel in many areas, taking into account the properties of the used materials, the spread and nature of incidents, and the tools at the disposal of the firefighter-rescuer. Keywords: hazard factors, firefighter’s personal protective equipment, firefighter’s special clothing, innovations

show abstract

An Experimental Insight into the Smoldering-Flaming Transition Phenomenon

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of particle granularity on smoldering fire in wood chips made from wood waste: An experimental study

Effect of particle granularity on smoldering fire in wood chips made from wood waste: An experimental study

Spatial Analysis and Perspective of Flaming Transition through Images

Analysis of the Issue of Special Clothing in the Operation of Fire Protection Units

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About