An experimental investigation on dynamic properties of various grouted sands

Evaluation of Dynamic Properties of Sodium-Alginate-Reinforced Soil Using A Resonant-Column Test

“…As the confining pressure increases, the pores of the soil particles become more compact and the more interconnection occurs in the soil particles. As a result, the shear modulus was increased, and because of more pathways, the less energy was dissipated during wave propagation [2,25,37]. Figure 8 shows the normalized shear-modulus curves and damping-ratio curves for various confining pressures.…”

“…Kim et al, Lee et al, Chang et al, Im et al and others have compared and analyzed the properties of various sands, including Jumunjin Standard sand in Korea [ 2 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. The dynamic properties of ground reinforced with waste tire rubber, bentonite, cement, and biopolymer have also been studied [ 2 , 22 , 24 , 25 ]. The results depended on the type of reinforcement material.…”

“…The results depended on the type of reinforcement material. When cement and polymer were mixed, the maximum shear modulus of the ground increased, and the linear range of the normalized shear-modulus curve decreased ( Figure 1 a) [ 2 , 25 ]. When the fraction of bentonite [ 24 ] or waste tire rubber [ 22 ] was increased in the sandy soil, the linear range of the normalized shear modulus increased ( Figure 1 b).…”

“…When the fraction of bentonite [ 24 ] or waste tire rubber [ 22 ] was increased in the sandy soil, the linear range of the normalized shear modulus increased ( Figure 1 b). However, the minimum damping ratio increased regardless of the type of reinforcement material ( Figure 1 c) [ 2 , 25 , 26 ]. In addition, as the confining pressure increased, so did the maximum shear modulus, whereas the damping ratio decreased, regardless of the composition of the mixed material.…”

Reinforcement of Clay Soils through Fracture Grouting

“…Lan et al [9] explored the grouting reinforcement mechanism of heterogeneous rock and soil in a fault fracture zone. Hsiao et al [10] conducted cyclic triaxial and resonant column tests to understand the beneficial effects of various grouted sands on liquefaction resistance and dynamic properties. Niu et al [11] designed a 3D grouting test system to explore the slurry diffusion law and reinforcement mechanism of split grouting in a filling soil.…”