An experimental investigation on the performance characteristics of a hydroxygen enriched gasoline engine with water injection

Karagöz, Yasin; Yüksek, Levent; Sandalcı, Tarkan; Dalkılıç, Ahmet Selim

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.11.013

Cited by 32 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Water injection was abandoned for a short while due to the advent of more powerful engines; however, more stringent emission regulations have resulted in the reintroduction of the technology. Water introduction technology can be implemented through the following methods: specifically, direct injection (DI) in the form of a water-fuel emulsion state, [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] water injection into the intake manifold (or fumigation), [9][10][11][12][13] and water DI into the combustion chamber. [14][15][16][17] Simultaneous injection of water and fuel can be in the form of a water-fuel emulsion or sequential injections of diesel-water-diesel in one injection event with a specially designed hybrid injector consisting of separate water-fuel passages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of water direct injection on the torque enhancement and fuel consumption reduction of a gasoline engine under high-load conditions

Kim

Park

Bae

et al. 2016

International Journal of Engine Research

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Water was directly injected into the cylinder with an injection pressure of 5 MPa to investigate its effect on engine performance and emissions in a gasoline engine. The test engine was a 1.6-L naturally aspirated prototype engine consisted of water direct injection and port fuel injection systems. The engine featured a compression ratio of 13.5. Commercial gasoline direct injection injectors were used to inject the water. The water was injected at a fixed timing of 2120 crank angle degrees after top dead center. The addition of water showed potential to mitigate the knock occurrence at partload condition where the knock initially started to occur due to the high compression ratio. It allowed a further advance of spark timing; thus, the brake-specific fuel consumption was improved. The effects of water injection were further investigated under full-load condition within the engine speed range of 1500-3000 r/min. The water effectively reduced the in-cylinder temperature and the exhaust gas temperature; therefore, charge cooling through over-fueling (fuel enrichment) was eliminated with reduced brake-specific fuel consumption. Increase in the injected water mass resulted in further spark advance without the knock occurrence and provided room for further brake-specific fuel consumption reduction. An optimum water mass existed because too much water deteriorated the combustion efficiency, burn duration, and cycle efficiency. The positive effects of water injection were dulled with increased engine speed because the knocking resistance was already high intrinsically with the higher engine speed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of water direct injection on the torque enhancement and fuel consumption reduction of a gasoline engine under high-load conditions

Kim

Park

Bae

et al. 2016

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…Previously, Karag€ oz et al [60] experimentally studied effect of hydrogen þ oxygen addition (which is named as hydroxygen in their study) on emissions and performance of a gasoline engine at 50% throttle position. Additionally, the effect of water injection with hydrogen addition was investigated in their study as mentioned before.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrogen þ oxygen flow rates were controlled manually in their study. In another study, Karag€ oz et al [60] experimentally investigated effect of 3.75% hydroxygen and 7.5% hydroxygen addition on emissions and performance of a gasoline fuelled engine at 50% throttle position, between 1500 rpm and 5000 rpm engine speed. Also, constant flow rate (0.25 l/h) of water was injected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, constant flow rate (0.25 l/h) of water was injected. High pressure hydrogen and oxygen tanks were used to supply hydrogen þ oxygen gas mixture (which was called as hydroxygen in their studies) at partial loads in these studies [59,60]. In this study, hydrogen and oxygen gas mixture was produced using an alkaline water electrolyser and effect of different energy contents of hydrogen on cyclic variations (COV imep and COV n ), engine performance and emissions were investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of hydrogen and oxygen enrichment on performance and emissions of an SI engine under idle operating condition

Karagöz

Sandalcı

Dalkılıç

2015

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…In some studies, 20,21 hydrogen has been used on gasoline engines; however, there has been backfiring combustion problems obtained. Karagoz et al 22 used hydrogen and oxygen as additional fuel sent into a four-stroke Otto engine, and it is obtained that the CO and total unburned hydrocarbons (THC) emissions are reduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic control unit development and emissions evaluation for hydrogen–diesel dual-fuel engines

Karagöz

Sadeghi

2018

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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In this study, it was aimed to operate today's compression ignition engines easily in dual-fuel mode with a developed electronic control unit. Especially, diesel engines with mechanical fuel system can be easily converted to common-rail fuel system with a developed electronic control unit. Also, with this developed electronic control unit, old technology compression ignition engines can be turned into dual-fuel mode easily. Thus, thanks to the flexibility of engine maps to be loaded into the electronic control unit, diesel engines can conveniently be operated with alternative gas fuels and diesel dual fuel. In particular, hydrogen, an alternative, environmentally friendly, and clean gas fuel, can easily be used with diesel engines by pilot spraying. Software and hardware development of electronic control unit are made, in order to operate a diesel engine with diesel + hydrogen dual fuel. Finally, developed electronic control unit was reviewed on 1500 r/min stable engine speed on different hydrogen energy rates (0%, 15%, 30%, and 45% hydrogen) according to thermic efficiency and emissions (CO, total unburned hydrocarbons, NO x , and smoke), and apart from NO x emissions, a significant improvement has been obtained. There was no increased NO x emission on 15% hydrogen working condition; however, on 45% hydrogen working condition, a dramatic increase arose.

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An experimental investigation on the performance characteristics of a hydroxygen enriched gasoline engine with water injection

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of water direct injection on the torque enhancement and fuel consumption reduction of a gasoline engine under high-load conditions

Effects of water direct injection on the torque enhancement and fuel consumption reduction of a gasoline engine under high-load conditions

Effects of hydrogen and oxygen enrichment on performance and emissions of an SI engine under idle operating condition

Electronic control unit development and emissions evaluation for hydrogen–diesel dual-fuel engines

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