An Experimental Model for Post-weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) in Growing Piglets

Albina, Emmanuel; Truong, Catherine; Hutet, Evelyne; Blanchard, Philippe; Cariolet, Roland; L'Hospitalier, Rolande; Mahé, Dominique; Allée, Chantal; Morvan, Hervé; Amenna, N.; Dimna, Mireille Le; Madec, F.; Jestin, André

doi:10.1053/jcpa.2001.0508

Cited by 60 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…High PCV2 viremia and viral load in tissues, granulomatous inflammation, depletion of lymphocytes and dysfunction of the lymphoid system causing immunosuppression were characterized as the hallmarks of severe PCV2 infection [15,16,17,18]. Defying Koch’s postulates, experimental reproduction of PCV-AD proved to be difficult and inconsistent and PCV2 was acknowledged, amidst skepticism, as necessary but not sufficient to elicit PCV-AD [12,19,20]. The importance of co-infection or at least a mitogenic trigger to host lymphocytes was understood to be an essential part of the development of severe PCV-AD [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Vaccines in the Context of Current Molecular Epidemiology

Karuppannan

Opriessnig

2017

Viruses

130

119

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Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is an economically important swine pathogen and, although small, it has the highest evolution rate among DNA viruses. Since the discovery of PCV2 in the late 1990s, this minimalistic virus with a 1.7 kb single-stranded DNA genome and two indispensable genes has become one of the most important porcine pathogens, and presently is subjected to the highest volume of prophylactic intervention in the form of vaccines in global swine production. PCV2 can currently be divided into five different genotypes, PCV2a through PCV2e. It is well documented that PCV2 continues to evolve, which is reflected by changes in the prevalence of genotypes. During 2006, commercial vaccines for PCV2 were introduced on a large scale in a pig population mainly infected with PCV2b. Since 2012, the PCV2d genotype has essentially replaced the previously predominant PCV2b genotype in North America and similar trends are also documented in other geographic regions such as China and South Korea. This is the second major PCV2 genotype shift since the discovery of the virus. The potential increase in virulence of the emergent PCV2 genotype and the efficacy of the current vaccines derived from PCV2a genotype against the PCV2d genotype viruses has received considerable attention. This review attempts to synthesize the understanding of PCV2 biology, experimental studies on the antigenic variability, and molecular epidemiological analysis of the evolution of PCV2 genotypes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Vaccines in the Context of Current Molecular Epidemiology

Karuppannan

Opriessnig

2017

Viruses

130

119

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“…PCV1 was first isolated and characterized as a persistent contaminant of the PK-15 cell line and is considered as a non-pathogenic virus [1]. PCV2 is an etiologic agent that is associated with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) [2,3]. PMWS is currently considered to be an important infectious swine viral disease that has a serious economic impact on the pig farming industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-assembly of virus-like particles of porcine circovirus type 2 capsid protein expressed from Escherichia coli

Yin

Sun

Yang

et al. 2010

Virol J

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BackgroundPorcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is a serious problem to the swine industry and can lead to significant negative impacts on profitability of pork production. Syndrome associated with PCV2 is known as porcine circovirus closely associated with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). The capsid (Cap) protein of PCV2 is a major candidate antigen for development of recombinant vaccine and serological diagnostic method. The recombinant Cap protein has the ability to self-assemble into virus-like particles (VLPs) in vitro, it is particularly opportunity to develop the PV2 VLPs vaccine in Escherichia coli,(E.coli ), because where the cost of the vaccine must be weighed against the value of the vaccinated pig, when it was to extend use the VLPs vaccine of PCV2.ResultsIn this report, a highly soluble Cap-tag protein expressed in E.coli was constructed with a p-SMK expression vector with a fusion tag of small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMO). The recombinant Cap was purified using Ni2+ affinity resins, whereas the tag was used to remove the SUMO protease. Simultaneously, the whole native Cap protein was able to self-assemble into VLPs in vitro when viewed under an electron microscope. The Cap-like particles had a size and shape that resembled the authentic Cap. The result could also be applied in the large-scale production of VLPs of PCV2 and could be used as a diagnostic antigen or a potential VLP vaccine against PCV2 infection in pigs.Conclusionwe have, for the first time, utilized the SUMO fusion motif to successfully express the entire authentic Cap protein of PCV2 in E. coli. After the cleavage of the fusion motif, the nCap protein has the ability to self-assemble into VLPs, which can be used as as a potential vaccine to protect pigs from PCV2-infection.

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“…The genome consists of a single‐stranded molecule of circular DNA of about 1.76 kb (Meehan et al., 1998). While PCV1 is considered to be non‐pathogenic (Allan et al., 1995), PCV2 infection has been associated with a number of clinical syndromes in pigs (Segalés and Domingo, 2002) and in particular, is now recognized as being an essential component of post‐weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) (Allan et al., 1999; Albina et al., 2001; Harms et al., 2001). This syndrome, first described in Canada in 1991 (Harding, 1996; Clark, 1997), has been now reported in most swine‐producing countries and has become a significant problem for the worldwide pig industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been concluded that sub‐clinical infection with PCV2 is common in pig populations. Moreover, although Koch’s postulates have been fulfilled for PCV2 and PMWS (Allan et al., 1999; Kennedy et al., 2000; Bolin et al., 2001), the severe clinical expression of the disease observed in field cases has been traditionally difficult to reproduce experimentally (Albina et al., 2001; Resendes et al., 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Circovirus 2 Replication in Colostrum‐deprived Piglets Following Experimental Infection and Immune Stimulation Using A Modified Live Vaccine against Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome Virus

Allan

Caprioli

McNair

et al. 2007

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection is now recognized as the major factor in the development of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Although Koch's postulates have been fulfilled for PCV2 and PMWS, the severe clinical expression of the disease observed in field cases has been difficult to reproduce experimentally. Some studies have demonstrated that immune stimulation associated with the use of some commercially available swine vaccines may trigger progression of PCV2 infection to disease and lesions characteristic of PMWS. Here we describe the effects on PCV2 infection in an experimental model following the use of a commercially available modified live vaccine to porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV). Although none of the piglets infected with PCV2 developed clinical PMWS, the severity of microscopical lesions and the PCV2 antigen load associated with these lesions were higher in the PRRSV-vaccinated piglets compared with those detected in the PCV2 only infected animals.

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An Experimental Model for Post-weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) in Growing Piglets

Cited by 60 publications

References 22 publications

Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Vaccines in the Context of Current Molecular Epidemiology

Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Vaccines in the Context of Current Molecular Epidemiology

Self-assembly of virus-like particles of porcine circovirus type 2 capsid protein expressed from Escherichia coli

Porcine Circovirus 2 Replication in Colostrum‐deprived Piglets Following Experimental Infection and Immune Stimulation Using A Modified Live Vaccine against Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome Virus

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