An experimental study of flame acceleration and deflagration to detonation transition in representative process piping

Thomas, G.O.; Oakley, Gwyn L.; Bambrey, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.psep.2009.11.008

Cited by 51 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…An example of another sequence of events that can lead to a practical detonation hazard is illustrated in figure 6, which presents pressure histories at various locations along a 30 m long, 150 mm diameter pipe for ethylene-air and hydrogen-air mixtures, respectively, reported recently by Thomas et al [29]. For both mixtures, an initial slow phase is apparent, followed by a rapid acceleration phase, during which a significant increase in overpressure develops.…”

Section: (I) Flame Acceleration In a Duct Or Pipementioning

confidence: 93%

Some observations on the initiation and onset of detonation

Thomas¹

2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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The results of experimental studies during which transition to detonation events occurred are presented. These observations and their interpretation are then discussed, and the conditions for the onset of detonation are described, with particular attention paid to the nature of the phenomena of deflagration-to-detonation transition. The resulting implications for predicting detonation evolution using computational fluid dynamic methods in practical applications are also discussed.

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Section: (I) Flame Acceleration In a Duct Or Pipementioning

confidence: 93%

Some observations on the initiation and onset of detonation

Thomas¹

2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…It depends on not only the geometry, size of the vapor cloud, reactivity of the mixture, ignition location, ignition method, but also the local obstacles which can enhance turbulence, and thus results in earlier transition from laminar to turbulent flames. The distance for deflagration to detonation transition (DDT) was reviewed by Thomas et al [48]. For most of the experiments with duct diameters less than 0.4 m, the ratio of DDT distance to duct diameter varies between 50 and 300.…”

Section: 5mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparison of data for the dimensionless DDT distance is shown in Figure 8. The data for methane come from the NIOSH tests [17], the TNO tests and estimation [46], and Hendersen's work [48,51]. For methane explosion in tunnels, the best experimental data could be the ones reported by Zipf Jr et al [17].…”

Section: 5mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of fire and explosion hazards of alternative fuel vehicles in tunnels

2019

Fire Safety Journal

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An investigation of fire and explosion hazards of different types of alternative fuel vehicles in tunnels is presented. The different fuels are divided into four types: liquid fuels, liquefied fuels, compressed gases, and electricity, and detailed parameters are obtained. Three types of fire hazards for the alternative fuel vehicles: pool fires, jet fires and fireballs are identified and investigated in detail. From the perspective of pool fire size, the liquid fuels pose equivalent or even much lower fire hazards compared to the traditionally used fuels, but the liquefied fuels may pose higher hazards. For pressurized tanks, the fires are generally much larger in size but shorter in duration. The gas releases from pressure relief devices and the resulting jet fires are highly transient. For hydrogen vehicles, the fire sizes are significantly higher compared to CNG tanks, while flame lengths only slighter longer. Investigation of the peak overpressure in case of an explosion in a tunnel was also carried out. The results showed that, for the vehicles investigated, the peak overpressure of tank rupture and BLEVE are mostly in a range of 0.1 to 0.36 bar at 50 m away. The situations in case of cloud explosion are mostly much more severe and intolerable. These hazards need to be carefully considered in both vehicle safety design and tunnel fire safety design. Further researches on these hazards are in urgent need.

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“…This deflagration was coupled with a leading shock and propagated with half of the CJ velocity. Thomas et al [23] summarized a lot of work with deflagrations, detonations and DDT in different types of process piping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%