An experimental study on antipersonnel landmine detection using acoustic-to-seismic coupling

Xiang, Ning; Sabatier, James M.

doi:10.1121/1.1543554

Cited by 81 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The use of laser doppler vibrometers to measure acoustically-induced ground vibrations [10,11] has been exploited to locate buried landmines remotely e.g. [12][13][14]. Acoustic-to-seismic coupling is sometimes also involved in civilian noise complaints [15] and possible building damage [16] caused by military training and other activities; the latter application is the major motivation for this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground vibrations produced by surface and near-surface explosions

et al. 2013

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a b s t r a c tMeasurements of seismic signatures produced by airborne, near-surface detonations of explosive charges over a variety of ground types show two distinct ground vibration arrivals. In all cases, the earlier arrival (precursor), has a time of arrival consistent with a predominantly underground path and coupling of blast sound to the ground close to the source and is always much smaller than the later vibration, the time of arrival of which is consistent with coupling from the air blast arrival at the receiver. The ratio of the seismic particle velocity to the acoustic pressure at the surface for the air-coupled seismic wave is constant with respect to distance and maximum pressure at a given location, but varies from site to site, with values usually between 1 and 13 lm s A numerical code enabling calculations of the fields due to an impulsive source above a layered poroelastic ground is described. Predictions of the air pressure spectrum above ground and the vertical and radial components of solid particle velocity near the ground surface are found to compare tolerably well with the measured spectra and waveforms of acoustic and seismic pulses at about 100 m range in seismically-hard and -soft soils and with a snow cover present. The predicted seismic responses in 'soft' soil confirm that the existence of a near-surface S-wave speed less than that in air is responsible for the observed 'ringing', i.e. a long low-frequency wavetrain associated with coupling to the dispersive Rayleigh wave. The predicted seismic pulses in the presence of the shallow snow cover explain the observed phenomenon whereby a high frequency ground vibration is modulated by a lower frequency layer resonance.An empirical equation relating ground vibration from explosions to distance predicts that the commonly-used vibrational damage peak velocity criterion of 12 or 25 mm s À1 will be exceeded when the peak positive pressure exceeds 480 Pa (147.6 dB) or 1 kPa (154.0 dB), respectively. Either of these levels is much higher than the current U.S. Army overpressure damage criterion of 159 Pa (138 dB). Thus in most situations damage from blast overpressure will occur long before damaging levels of ground vibration are reached, so it is likely that civilian perceptions of vibration are produced by coupling from the airblast.Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground vibrations produced by surface and near-surface explosions

et al. 2013

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“…Both linear [1][2][3][4] and nonlinear [5][6][7][8] detection methods have shown good success in laboratory and field tests. These methods rely on the vibration response of the top plate of the mine under excitation from an acoustic wave.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Granular layers on vibrating plates: Effective bending stiffness and particle-size effects

Kang

Turner

Bobaru

et al. 2007

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Acoustic methods of land mine detection rely on the vibrations of the top plate of the mine in response to sound. For granular soil ͑e.g., sand͒, the particle size is expected to influence the mine response. This hypothesis is studied experimentally using a plate loaded with dry sand of various sizes from hundreds of microns to a few millimeters. For low values of sand mass, the plate resonance decreases with added mass and eventually reaches a minimum without particle size dependence. After the minimum, a frequency increase is observed with additional mass that includes a particle-size effect. Analytical nondissipative continuum models for granular media capture the observed particle-size dependence qualitatively but not quantitatively. In addition, a continuum-based finite element model ͑FEM͒ of a two-layer plate is used, with the sand layer replaced by an equivalent elastic layer for evaluation of the effective properties of the layer. Given a thickness of sand layer and corresponding experimental resonance, an inverse FEM problem is solved iteratively to give the effective Young's modulus and bending stiffness that matches the experimental frequency. It is shown that a continuum elastic model must employ a thickness-dependent elastic modulus in order to match experimental values.

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“…One of the promising landmine detection techniques is the acoustic to seismic A/S technique, which performs the detection of landmines by vibrating them with acoustic or seismic waves that are generated and received by acoustic or seismic transducers, respectively [3,4]. An acoustic or a seismic wave is excited by a source at a known position.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Landmines from Acoustic Images Based on Cepstral Coefficients

El‐Samie

2009

Sens Imaging

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This paper introduces a cepstral approach for the automatic detection of landmines from acoustic images. This approach is based on treating the problem of landmine detection as a pattern recognition problem. Cepstral features are extracted from a group of landmine images which are transformed first to 1-D signals by lexicographic ordering. Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) and polynomial shaping coefficients are extracted from these 1-D signals to form a database of features, which can be used to train a neural network with the landmine features. The landmine detection can be performed by extracting features from any new image with the same method used in the training phase. These features are tested with the neural network to decide whether a landmine exists or not. The different domains are tested and compared for efficient feature extraction from the lexicographically ordered 1-D signals. Experimental results show the success of the proposed cepstral approach for landmine detection at low as well as high signal to noise ratios. Results also show that the discrete cosine transform is the most appropriate domain for feature extraction.

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An experimental study on antipersonnel landmine detection using acoustic-to-seismic coupling

Cited by 81 publications

References 21 publications

Ground vibrations produced by surface and near-surface explosions

Ground vibrations produced by surface and near-surface explosions

Granular layers on vibrating plates: Effective bending stiffness and particle-size effects

Detection of Landmines from Acoustic Images Based on Cepstral Coefficients

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