An Expert System To Design and Evaluate Matrix Acidizing

Abstract

An expert system called ACIDMAN was developed to design matrix acid treatments that remove damage near the wellbore and increase production. Input data can range from unknown formation damage, for which the system designs a conservative treatment based on well history and geological probability, to cases with detailed formation information available, in which very precise treatments are prescribed. The system requests additional specific laboratory tests, when needed, to aid in product selection. Basic input data requested include well type and history, formation-damage mechanism, bottomhole temperature, reservoir pressure, formation permeability, lithology, porosity, interval size, and crude oil gravity. Output includes product selection, additives, treatment volumes, and treatment technique. Phase I of the ACID MAN expert system was delivered in beta test in March 1990, and full implementation of all phases is planned during 1990.

An expert decision support system for sandstone acidizing design

“…This strongly obstructs precise analysis via classic mathematical methods. Instead, the process relies on the relatively subjective experience and knowledge of acidizing experts (Enelamah et al 2003;Retnanto et al 2013;Saputelli et al 2007;Blackburn et al 1990;Van Domelen et al 1992). Developments in innovative artificial intelligence technique (AIT) have led to rapid developments in expert system (ES), a crucial subfield of AIT.…”

“…Developments in innovative artificial intelligence technique (AIT) have led to rapid developments in expert system (ES), a crucial subfield of AIT. Currently, ES has been applied in many process designs in the petroleum industry, including well drilling, well completion, log analysis, well test interpretation, numerical simulation, diagnosis to formation damage, rod pumping, well production stimulation, oil extraction rate, heavy oil exploitation, well repair, sand prevention, water plugging, oil quantity metering, oil production and management, and so on (Blackburn et al 1990;Van Domelen et al 1992;Braunschweig 1990; Peveraro and Lee 1988;Bergen and Hutter 1986;Ali et al 2003Ali et al , 2004Haitham et al 2002;Chiu et al 1992;Ebrahim et al 2014). ES has effectively resolved the difficulties between production and theory.…”

“…In the early 1990s, some researchers studied ES for acidizing technology (Blackburn et al 1990;Van Domelen et al 1992;Chavane and Perthuis 1992;Sumotarto et al 1995;Sumotarto 1995;Xiong 1992;Mininni et al 1994). However, the developed ES was not able to carry out numerical simulations or predict the acidizing result.…”

Automating sandstone acidizing using a rule-based system

“…In the last 20 years, few publications have emerged related to expert system development for designing sandstone acidizing (Blackburn et al 1990;Chiu et al 1992;Domelon et al 1992;Nitters et al 2000;Xiong and Holditch 1994). Both Domelon et al (1992) and Xiong and Holditch (1994) introduced robust rule-based systems for acid fluid selection that are damage-type specific, and depend primarily on the formation mineralogy and the produced fluid composition.…”