An Implicit Test of the Associations Between Children and Sex in Pedophiles.

Gray, Nicola S.; Brown, Anthony Scott; MacCulloch, Malcolm J.; Smith, J. M.; Snowden, Robert Jefferson

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.114.2.304

Cited by 174 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Considered to assess automatic, uncontrollable, and thus, pure associations of participants even in socially sensitive areas (e. g., pedophilia, racism, stereotypes, or sexism; see e. g., Agerström & Rooth, 2011;Banse, Schmidt, & Clarbour, 2010;Banse, Seise, & Zerbes, 2001;Carlsson & Björklund, 2010;Gray, Brown, MacCulloch, Smith, & Snowden, 2005;Greenwald et al, 1998;Greenwald & Banaji, 1995;Latu et al, 2011), the IAT has of course attracted an enormous amount of research interest in recent years.…”

Section: What Is the Iat?mentioning

confidence: 99%

EZ: An Easy Way to Conduct a More Fine-Grained Analysis of Faked and Nonfaked Implicit Association Test (IAT) Data

Röhner¹,

Thoss²

2018

TQMP

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Although faking on the Implicit Association Test (IAT) is a relevant problem, it has not yet been considered for the traditional IAT effect (D measure). Research has suggested that diffusionmodel-based IAT effects may be useful as IAT v is related to the construct-related variance and IAT a and IAT t0 have both been assumed to provide indications of faking. Recent research used fast-dm to reanalyze nonfaked and faked IAT data under various faking conditions (faking low vs. faking high scores in a naïve vs. informed manner). The results showed that faking affected IAT v . However, there was an impact on IAT a when people knew how to fake and had to fake low scores. Thus, diffusion model analyses deliver additional information, but they are also very complex to perform. The diffusion tool EZ is easy to handle and very powerful, but researchers do not yet know whether IAT v , IAT a , and IAT t0 deliver similar information about the components in IAT results when they are obtained with EZ. Thus, we used EZ to reanalyze the data set described above. The results from fast-dm and EZ were comparable, but EZ had somewhat higher statistical power. IAT v was impacted by faking, thus replicating the finding that diffusion model analyses cannot yet be used to completely separate construct-and faking-specific variance from each other. However, replicating and extending the findings that were obtained with fast-dm, informed faking had an impact on IAT a and IAT t0 , which might both serve as indicators of faking. Thus, our results indicate that EZ as well as fast-dm is a powerful tool that can help researchers to interpret IAT results.

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Section: What Is the Iat?mentioning

confidence: 99%

EZ: An Easy Way to Conduct a More Fine-Grained Analysis of Faked and Nonfaked Implicit Association Test (IAT) Data

Röhner¹,

Thoss²

2018

TQMP

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“…Therefore, the usefulness of such direct methods is particularly questionable in the forensic context where denial and dissimulation of deviant sexual interest can be expected if assessments are part of legal proceedings. As an alternative to selfreport methods, a number of indirect measures have been proposed, such as penile plethysmography (PPG; e.g., Freund, 1963), the Implicit Association Tests (IAT; e.g., Gray, Brown, MacCulloch, Smith, & Snowden, 2005), the Choice Reaction Task (CRT, Choice Reaction Task; e.g., Wright & Adams, 1994), and viewing time measures (e.g., Harris, Rice, Quinsey, & Chaplin, 1996). These instruments infer sexual preference from objective measures either based on physiological indicators of sexual arousal or response latencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viewing Time Effects Revisited: Prolonged Response Latencies for Sexually Attractive Targets Under Restricted Task Conditions

et al. 2010

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Sexually attractive stimuli are watched longer than unattractive stimuli. The processes underlying this robust and reliable viewing time effect are presently not well understood. In the present research comprising four experiments (total N = 250), four classes of potential explanations are proposed and the derived implications were experimentally tested. Contrary to explanations based on either deliberate delay or attentional adhesion to sexually attractive stimuli, prolonged response latencies were also found under restricted task conditions. Sexually preferred targets elicited longer response latencies in a self-paced evaluation task when stimulus pictures were presented for 750 ms (Exp. 1) or for 500 ms and followed by a pattern mask (Exp.2). Prolonged latencies for sexually preferred targets were also observed when sexual attractiveness was rated in a speeded binary decision task with a response window of 1000 ms (Exp. 3). Eventually, it was shown that the response latency effect in the speeded binary choice task was still preserved when only the heads of target individuals were presented instead of the bodies (Exp. 4). Mate identification and schematic processes are discussed as the remaining plausible mechanisms for prolonged response latencies for sexually attractive targets under restricted conditions.

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“…In previous studies, researchers have analyzed response latencies on the IAT task with a scoring algorithm (Gray, Brown, MacCulloch, Smith, & Snowden, 2005;Greenwald, Nosek, & Banaji, 2003). The algorithm involves calculating the difference in average response latency between the two response tasks and dividing by the standard deviation of all latencies for both tasks.…”

Section: Data Analysis Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Relational Frame Theory Contribution to Social Categorization

Weinstein¹,

Wilson²,

Drake³

et al. 2008

Behav. Soc. Iss.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the transformation of stimulus functions from socially relevant to arbitrary stimuli as a model of social stigmatization and categorization. Specifically, participants were trained to respond to arbitrary stimuli as if they were obese or thin stimuli via a matching-to-sample preparation. The impact of this relational conditioning was tested using the Implicit Association Test. The results showed that when participants met the fluency-based training criterion, the bias functions of obese/thin stimuli successfully transformed formally similar variants of the arbitrary stimuli. These results suggest it is possible to affect a transformation of bias functions to wholly arbitrary stimuli using a very brief conditioning history. A clearer conceptualization of the development of stigmatizing categories, particularly as it applies to obesity, might yield important insights into the social contexts that cultivate and maintain stigmatizing attitudes.

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An Implicit Test of the Associations Between Children and Sex in Pedophiles.

Cited by 174 publications

References 24 publications

EZ: An Easy Way to Conduct a More Fine-Grained Analysis of Faked and Nonfaked Implicit Association Test (IAT) Data

EZ: An Easy Way to Conduct a More Fine-Grained Analysis of Faked and Nonfaked Implicit Association Test (IAT) Data

Viewing Time Effects Revisited: Prolonged Response Latencies for Sexually Attractive Targets Under Restricted Task Conditions

A Relational Frame Theory Contribution to Social Categorization

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