An improved solid-state method for synthesizing LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode material for lithium ion batteries

Evaluation of Electronic–Ionic Transport Properties of a Mg/Zr-Modified LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cathode for Li-Ion Batteries

“…Weak reflections at 2θ around 37, 43, and 64° were detected in the b-LNMO sample and can be attributed to the Li x Ni 1– x O impurity phase. This is a common impurity in LNMO materials, which is caused by oxygen loss upon synthesis at high temperatures, and can increase the fading of capacity for spinel LNMO cathode materials . The formation of an impurity Li x Ni 1– x O is not evidenced in m-LNMO, suggesting the suppression of the formation of this impurity, possibly by partial substitution of Ni 2+ by Mg 2+ or Zr 4+ ions .…”

“…This is a common impurity in LNMO materials, which is caused by oxygen loss upon synthesis at high temperatures, and can increase the fading of capacity for spinel LNMO cathode materials. 43 The formation of an impurity Li x Ni 1−x O is not evidenced in m-LNMO, suggesting the suppression of the formation of this impurity, possibly by partial substitution of Ni 2+ by Mg 2+ or Zr 4+ ions. 44 However, traces of the Li 2 MnO 3 additional phase were detected for the m-LNMO, which is not expected to worsen electrochemical performances.…”

Impact of Synthesis Chelation on the Crystallography and Capacity of Li-Rich Li1.2Ni0.13Mn0.54Fe0.13O2 Cathode Particles

“…Our work aims at contributing to the development of Fe-substituted Li-rich high-capacity cathodes, tuning the synthesis to alter the electrochemical behavior, and understand the cyclability. Several methods have been used to synthesize metal oxide cathode materials which include sol–gel, − coprecipitation, − hydro/solvothermal, − combustion, − solid-state, , and spray pyrolysis techniques. , The sol–gel method is selected herein because of its flexibility in achieving the desired characteristics in the final particles; the temperature, reaction time, precursor’s concentration, pH, chelating agent, and solvents can be varied to tune the morphology, particle size, crystallinity, and phase distribution. In our synthesis of Li 1.2 Ni 0.13 Mn 0.54 Fe 0.13 O 2 , we systematically varied the chelating reagent ratio versus transition metals as well as pH to tune the material properties and subsequent electrochemical behavior.…”

LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Thin Films Grown by Magnetron Sputtering under Inert Gas Flow Mixtures as High‐Voltage Cathode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…[9] Indeed, LNMO has become one of the most studied positive electrodes for developing LIBs thanks to its enhanced cycling behavior, namely, the high operating voltage of 4.7 V vs. Li + /Li and good specific capacity of 147 mAh g À 1 . [10][11][12] Two different LNMO crystallographic structures exist, linked to various Mn 4 + and Ni 2 + ions arrangements in the lattice. [13,14] One is the ordered LNMO, P4 3 32 space group (SG), where the Ni, Mn, Li, and O atoms occupy 4b, 12d, 8c, and 8c/24e positions, respectively (Figure S1c).…”

“…To overcome these obstacles, one of the approaches is the partial replacement of Mn by Ni, resulting in the formation of spinel LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 (LNMO) [9] . Indeed, LNMO has become one of the most studied positive electrodes for developing LIBs thanks to its enhanced cycling behavior, namely, the high operating voltage of 4.7 V vs. Li + /Li and good specific capacity of 147 mAh g −1 [10–12] …”