An Ingestible Electronics for Continuous and Real-Time Intraabdominal Pressure Monitoring

Abstract

Abdominal compartment syndrome can be treated through decompressive surgery if intraabdominal hypertension (IAH) can be detected in time. Treatment delays due to manual, conventional intravesical pressure (IVP) monitoring using a Foley catheter have been reported. In this work, we present an innovative gastrointestinal intraluminal pressure (GIP) measurement-based method to monitor and improve pressure-guided relief of intraabdominal pressure (IAP). A novel algorithm for detecting IAH in the gastrointestinal tract of a live porcine model is reported. A wireless pressure-sensing capsule (10 × 13 mm) was developed for absolute measurement. The IAP was estimated during artificial pneumoperitoneum. The pressure waveform-based measurements indicated that the wireless pressure sensor could be used to predict IAP. To enhance GIP monitoring for predicting IAH, the proposed continuous ingestible wireless electronics-based pressure waveform measurement device can be used as a complement to existing modalities. The use of the proposed pressure measurement and communication technology can help provide valuable data for digital health platforms.

Systematic Review of Diagnostic Sensors for Intra-Abdominal Pressure Monitoring

“…However, the correlation between intraluminal pressure and IAP is still debated. Liao et al [ 33 ] presented an animal study demonstrating that the correlation between GI intraluminal pressure and IAP was better than that between IVP and IAP [ 33 ]. There are still other routes to detect IAP, such as surface resistance calculation [ 55 ] or image estimation [ 49 , 58 ].…”

“…Wireless sensor monitoring devices are an innovative approach when developing physiological monitors. With the advance of antenna and communication technology, wireless signal transmission using Bluetooth or WiFi makes remote monitoring feasible [ 33 , 45 ]. One commonly available wireless system consists of an implanted sensor and external receiver, in which internal power provides high data bandwidth at ranges of 0.2–5 m. This wireless scheme requires internal batteries, which need to be recharged or replaced and oftentimes increase the implant size.…”

“…These systems employ electromagnetic coupling and utilize backscatter amplitude modulation to detect signal changes [ 59 ]. Remote IAP monitoring is exemplified by the system presented by Liao et al [ 33 ], which continuously measures pressure changes for up to 144 h, operating without restricting the patient’s activity and ambulation. Moreover, with this tool, signals can be collected in a central database on-site or even in the cloud, facilitating digital health management.…”

“…Moreover, silicon sensors, especially microelectromechanical system (MEMS) pressure sensors, can be integrated with an integrated circuit in a small package, and the sensor output, 10 mV/V, can be digitized. Although piezoresistive pressure sensors have the disadvantage of higher power consumption than some other types of pressure sensors, they have the advantage of robustness and high accuracy [ 33 ].…”

Stretchable Capacitive Pressure Sensing Sleeve Deployable onto Catheter Balloons towards Continuous Intra-Abdominal Pressure Monitoring

“…Ingestible capsules have been designed for continuous IAP measurements. However, this requires sophisticated fabrication facilities and leaves the possibility of capsule retention in the digestive tract of patients [ 11 ]. There have been advancements in sensor development, such as integrated circuit-based pressure sensors through intra-vaginal IAP measurement [ 12 ].…”