An Innovative Effective Nutritional Therapy for Vitamin D Deficiency in Children with Celiac Disease

Wakeel

Elabd

et al. 2019

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AIM: The study aimed to evaluate serum vitamin D concentrations among neonates with pneumonia. METHODS: This case-control study enrolled 33 neonates with pneumonia in addition to 30 healthy controls. CBC, CRP, Serum vitamin D and Pentraxin 3 levels were measured for all participants. RESULTS: There was significant difference between patients and controls regarding Hemoglobin levels, TLC and CRP (p value < 0.01, = 0.002, < 0.01 respectively). Patients with pneumonia showed significant lower levels of Vit. D (9 ± 2.1) compared to controls (14.1 ± 2.8), P value < 0.01. However, patient group had significant higher levels of Pentraxin 3 (29.1 ± 4.8) compared with controls (12.6 ± 3), P value < 0.01. Moreover, mechanically ventilated patients revealed significant lower vit D (7.7 ± 1.8) and higher pentraxin 3 (32.2 ± 2.6) compared to patients on free oxygen (9.1 ± 2.1, 26.4 ± 3.7 respectively), P value = 0.05, 0.02 respectively. Regarding hospital stay, it had significant positive correlation with serum pentraxin 3 (r = 0.6, P value < 0.01) and significant negative correlation with serum vit D (r = -0.4, P value = 0.04). Finally a significant negative correlation between serum levels of vitamin D and Pentraxin 3 was found (r = -0.4, P value = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Lower concentration of serum vitamin D may be significantly associated with neonatal pneumonia. It also can predict the need for mechanical ventilation and duration of hospital stay in neonatal pneumonia. Similarly, higher levels of Pentraxin 3 may be used as an indicator for mechanical ventilation need and a longer hospital stay in neonates with pneumonia.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Status in Neonatal Pulmonary Infections: Relationship to Inflammatory Indicators

Wakeel

Elabd

et al. 2019

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“…The level of serum zinc and iron in our research displayed significant increase in the controls in comparison to the cases (p < 0.001). The previous researches revealed that serum zinc showed a significant difference between non-malnourished children and other children affected with mild to severe growth deficits [19], [20]. Bains et al [21] recorded that iron and zinc were significantly lower in children <5 years living in poor and rural families who suffer from malnutrition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Markers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction and their Relation to Faltering Growth in a Sample of Egyptian Children

Wakeel

Ahmed³

et al. 2021

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BACKGROUND: Chronic malnutrition is a long-term health condition that has threatening effects on children’s health. Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is a subclinical disorder affecting the small intestine that may occur due to exposure to environmental pathogens and toxins. AIM: The present research was intended to detect the value of fecal biomarkers of intestinal epithelial damage alpha-1anti-trypsin (AAT) and intestinal inflammation Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and Neopetrin (NEO), also to quantify their association with faltering growth in stunted and underweight children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This case–control study included 105 children with moderate malnutrition as a case group and 100 children of normal body weight and height as a control group. Quantification of fecal markers levels of intestinal permeability AAT and intestinal inflammation (NEO and MPO) along with serum micronutrients levels (iron and zinc) in children with malnutrition in comparison to controls. RESULTS: Fecal markers of intestinal permeability AAT and intestinal inflammation NEO had statistically significant higher levels in children with malnutrition, while serum micronutrients (iron and zinc) had statistically significant lower levels in children with malnutrition. CONCLUSION: Faltering growth is associated with elevated fecal markers of intestinal permeability AAT and intestinal inflammation NEO. EED may be a cause for faltering growth.

“…Vitamin D is involved in the processes of bone mineralization and growth through the regulation of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis [39]. The main site of Vitamins A and D absorption is small intestine which is the place of EED pathology [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Biomarkers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction and Growth Perspective in Egyptian Children

Wakeel¹,

Hashem

et al. 2020

BACKGROUND: Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is a chronic subclinical condition, contributed to limited sources and poor countries. EED pathology is concerned with small intestine structure and function, which affect the macronutrients and micronutrients absorption with consequent growth faltering. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate some serum biomarkers involved in EED and determine their association with stunting and faltering growth in children; zonulin, endotoxin core antibody (EndoCAb), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), serum iron, and Vitamins A and D. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This case–control study enrolled 105 children aged from 1 to 10 years old, having weight-for-age z-scores and height-for-age z-scores (WAZ or HAZ) ranging from −1.5 to −2. They were compared with control group consisted of 100 children having WAZ or HAZ > −1 of matched age and sex. Assessment of serum markers levels of enteric dysfunction (zonulin and EndoCAb), markers of systemic inflammation (Hs CRP and AGP), along with serum micronutrients (vitamin A, vitamin D and iron) in children with malnutrition in comparison to controls. RESULTS: There was a highly significant decrease as regarding the anthropometric measurements; weight, height, BMI, and arm circumference. Moreover, significant increase in serum zonulin, EndoCAb, HsCRP, and AGP and highly significant decrease of serum Vitamin D and iron in cases group as compared to control group. Height Z score showed negative correlation with zonulin, HsCRP, and AGP and positive correlation with Vitamin D. Weight Z score showed negative correlation with zonulin, HsCRP, and AGP and positive correlation with Vitamin D and Vitamin A. Regression analysis noted increase of zonulin and α1AGP as high associative markers with height Z score affection, however, increase of zonulin was high associative markers with weight Z score affection. CONCLUSION: Faltering growth is associated with elevated serum systemic markers of intestinal inflammation (HsCRP and α1AGP). EED may be a cause of faltering growth.