An Insight into the Combination of Probiotics and their Implications for Human Health

Abstract

Over 100–1000 microbial species reside in the human gut, where they predominantly influence the host's internal environment and, thus, have a significant impact on host health. Probiotics are best characterized as a microbe or a group of microbes that reside in the gut and support the body's internal microbiota. Probiotics are linked to increased health advantages, including better immune function, improved nutritional absorption, and protection against cancer and heart-related illnesses. Several studies have demonstrated that combining probiotics from different strains with complementary activities may have synergistic advantages and aid in re-establishing the equilibrium of how immunological niches and microorganisms interact. Another thing to remember is that even though a product contains more probiotic strains, that doesn't always guarantee that the health benefits will be more significant. For specific combinations to be justified, there must be clinical proof. The clinical results of a probiotic strain are specifically pertinent to the participants in the relevant research, such as studies on adults or newborn infants. Clinical outcomes of a probiotic strain are mainly connected to the investigated health area (such as gut health, immune health, oral health, etc.). As a result, picking the right probiotic is essential yet tricky because of several factors, including probiotic products with the disease and strain-specific effectiveness exists; however, various probiotic strains have diverse modes of action. The current review focuses on probiotic categorization, their function in enhancing human health, and any potential health benefits of probiotic combinations.

Impact of Long-Term Supplementation with Probiotics on Gut Microbiota and Growth Performance in Post-Weaned Piglets

“…Currently, in most research or commercial products, various formulations by combining different strains have been utilized for complementary activities that may lead synergistic advantages [ 26 ]. The effects of single use of the above three probiotics have been well investigated [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ], but no studies could be found on the application of the three probiotics combination to piglets.…”

Probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5 decreases urothelial cell invasion and enhances macrophage killing of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in vitro study

“…However, there are differences in their activities when it comes to the applications. Mostly from the strain-specific effect of probiotics and their host ranges ( Liu et al., 2023 ; Peng et al., 2023 ; Hmar et al., 2024 ). AC5 was isolated from the chicken intestine and conferred the anti-bacterial effect against several human pathogens, including E. coli and Salmonella ( Nitisinprasert et al., 2000 ; Buddhasiri et al., 2021 ).…”