An Integrated Weed Management Procedure for the Control of Dodder (<i>Cuscuta indecora</i>) in Alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i>)

Cudney, D; Orloff, Steve B.; Reints, J. S.

doi:10.1017/s0890037x00035879

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…), which are generally the preferred hosts of this parasitic flowering species (Dawson et al, 1994). Damage caused to these crops mostly consists of fresh biomass yield reduction of 50% or more, and a considerable decrease in seed production (Cudney et al, 1992). Dawson (1989) reported a 57% loss of alfalfa yield after artificial infestation with C. campestris in Prosser, Washington (USA) over a period of two years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical control of field dodder in alfalfa

et al. 2015

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SUmmARyParasitic flowering plants have recently come into focus of research interests as a result of their notable expansion and increasing damage that they are causing in agricultural fields. Damage caused by field dodder in alfalfa crops mainly includes reduced yield of fresh biomass and considerable decrease in seed production. Effective control of field dodder in alfalfa crops necessarily includes a number of preventive measures and procedures, as well as chemical control. The effectiveness of glyphosate, propyzamide, imazethapyr and diquat herbicides in controlling field dodder in alfalfa crops was tested in trials conducted in 2011. Pot and field trials were set up in an experimental field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad (location Rimski Šančevi) and in a private field at Popovići (vicinity of Mladenovac). In pot trials, two glyphosate application rates (288 and 360 g a.i. ha) achieved the highest effectiveness of 95% and 97.5%, respectively. Both application rates of propyzamide (1500 and 2000 g a.i. ha) had weak effectiveness (85% and 87%, respectively), while imazethapyr (150 g a.i. ha) was the weakest herbicide with 80% efficacy. In field trials at both locations, diquat (450 g a.i. ha) showed the best efficacy in controlling field dodder in alfalfa. The efficacy of all other treatments was weaker at Popovići with the following survival rates of field dodder plants: 25% (glyphosate, 288 g a.i. ha), 15% (glyphosate, 360 g a.i. ha), 79% (propyzamide, 1500 g a.i. ha), 70% (propyzamide, 2000 g a.i. ha) and 72% (imazethapyr, 150 g a.i. ha). At the location Rimski Šančevi, the same treatements resulted in around 1% remaining field dodder plants in alfalfa crop.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical control of field dodder in alfalfa

et al. 2015

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“…Damage done in these crops consists mainly of reduced fresh biomass yield, which may be upwards of 50%, and significantly reduced seed production by seed alfalfa (Cudney et al, 1992). Dawson (1989) reported a yield loss of 57% in an alfalfa crop artificially infested with C. campestris in Prosser, Washington (USA) over a period of two years.…”

Section: Damage Caused By Field Doddermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have mostly been focused on chemical methods of field dodder control (Dawson, 1984(Dawson, , 1987Parker, 1991;Parker & Riches, 1993). Some researchers have reported better results of herbicide treatments before the parasite has attached to its hosts (Cudney et al, 1992;Dawson, 1990a;Orloff & Cudney, 1987). Herbicide treatments prior to dodder attachment are conducted to avoid such attachment and so prevent even the least damage (Parker, 1991).…”

Section: Chemical Control Of Field Doddermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar data have been reported after control trials of C. campestris in glyphosate-tolerant tobacco (Nadler-Hasser et al, 2004). Cudney et al (1992), Cudney and Lanini (2000), and Sarić-Krsmanović et al (2015) also examined the effects of non-selective contact herbicides, such as paraquat and diquat, in controlling field dodder in alfalfa and red clover. Control results were good but the host crops were also greatly affected, so that their use is meaningful only in small areas of infestation.…”

Section: Chemical Control Of Field Doddermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Field dodder - how to control it?

Sarić-Krsmanović

Vrbničanin

2015

Pesticidi i fitomedicina

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SUMMARYBroad geographic distribution and spectrum of hosts make field dodder, Cuscuta campestris, one of the most widespread and most harmful pests among flowering parasitic plants. Field dodder may become a problem in vegetable nurseries (e.g. tomato, sweet pepper and cabbage) or in potato or some other crop grown in plastic greenhouses. However, the most devastating damage comes from field dodder outbreaks in newly-established perennial legume crops (alfalfa, clover, etc.), which are generally the preferred hosts of this parasitic flowering species. Apart from alfalfa and clover, an expansion of field dodder has been observed in recent years in sugar beet, too.Different measures are available for controlling field dodder, from preventive (pure seeding material, tolerant cultivars, etc.), to mechanical removal (mowing and hand weeding) to herbicide treatments. The most successful control of field dodder requires a systematic approach ensured through integrated protection, which contributes to a more effective control of parasitic flowering plants.

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“…Close mowing of alfalfa after hay harvest at 2-3 cm proved to be more effective in removing infested stubble than mowing at 10 cm (Dawson 1987). Flail-mowing and burning with a hand-held propane gas weed burner were equally effective in controlling C. indecora infesting alfalfa crops in California, but the latter was more expensive (Cudney et al 1992). Fire has been commonly used in the United States to control Cuscuta spp.…”

Section: Response To Other Human Manipulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%