An investigation on the epidemiology and risk factors associated with soil-transmitted helminth infections in Ijebu East Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria

Akinsanya, Bamidele; Adubi, Taiwo Oluwakemi; Adedamola, Macauley; Okonofua, Christiana

doi:10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00757

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This indicates that the infection is not specific to any particular gender or age group and that adolescents have similar levels of exposure to predisposing factors. These findings are consistent with previous studies conducted in Nigeria [11, 13, 25, 37–39].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Status of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis Among Adolescents in Anaocha Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Future Directions After a Decade of Ongoing Mass Administration of Medicines

Aribodor,

Jacob,

Azugo

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Over the past decade, Anambra State, Nigeria, has implemented mass administration of medicines (MAMs) to combat soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH), a significant public health challenge in low-income regions. Nevertheless, these efforts have predominantly focused on pre-school and school-aged children, leaving a notable gap in understanding STH infection rates and the efficacy of these campaigns among secondary school adolescents, who have been excluded from this initiative. Our study aimed to address this critical knowledge gap by assessing soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) prevalence and contextual factors hindering effective control among adolescents in Anambra State, Nigeria. We actively engaged 443 adolescents with a mean age of 14 years in a school-based cross-sectional study in selected communities within the Anaocha Local Government Area from 8 February to 7 July 2023, following informed consent and assent procedures. Employing a stratified random sampling technique, we collected demographic data and assessed STH risk factors using a structured questionnaire hosted on the Kobo Toolbox platform. For quantitative analysis of STH infections, the Kato-Katz technique was used. Analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, incorporating descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression, with statistical significance set at p<0.05. Of the 443 (213 males (48.0%) and 230 females (52.0%) adolescents studied, the overall prevalence of STH observed was 35.2% (156/443). Ascaris lumbricoides was the prevalent STH species (16.9%), followed by Trichuris trichiura (1.4%) and hookworm (0.5%). Only light-intensity infection was observed. Mixed infections were observed in 16.5% of adolescents, involving A. lumbricoides and hookworm (10.8%), followed by A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura (3.2%) and all three STH (2.5%). The observed overall prevalence was not statistically significant with respect to gender (OR: 0.961; 95% CI: 0.651-1.420; p > 0.05) or age (OR: 0.686; 95% CI: 0.459-1.025; p>0.05). Class (grade level) (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.25 - 2.45, p = 0.003), knowledge and transmission of STH infection (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.42 - 0.86, p = 0.008), parental occupation (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.35 - 2.67, p < 0.001), parents' literacy level (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.48 - 0.96, p = 0.027), and the type of toilet (OR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.54 - 3.00, p < 0.001) were all significantly correlated with STH infection. These findings highlight the role of adolescents in sustaining soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) transmission. Coupled with school-based deworming expansion, innovative improvements in water, sanitation, hygiene, and awareness can provide a cost-effective, sustainable solution for combatting STH infections in Anambra State.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Status of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis Among Adolescents in Anaocha Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Future Directions After a Decade of Ongoing Mass Administration of Medicines

Aribodor,

Jacob,

Azugo

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…For disease prevention, workers must use personal protective equipment such as gloves and footwear(35). Footwear can protect feet from the entering of worm larvae into the skin(12). Footwear that is used for personal protective equipment, such as use boots to protect the foot.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Related to Soil Transmitted Helminth Infection in Vegetable Farmers

Wikandari

Setyowatiningsih

Djamil

et al. 2021

IJMLST

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Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) infection can occur at all ages, from children to the elderly. Farmers are at risk of contracting STH infection because of their daily work which is in direct contact with the soil. The risk of STH infection is due to poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. The study aims to determine observe the factors associated with STH infection in vegetable farmers, using a cross-sectional approach. The research subjects were vegetable farmers in Batur Wetan Hamlet, Getasan, Semarang Regency. Data were collected using a questionnaire to determine the personal hygiene and sanitation hygiene of farmers when working in the garden. Worm identification used (reference,) based on the worm performance using the floating method. Worm identification were done by examining the stool using the floating method. The results of the study were processed using SPSS version 20. Data analysis using Chi-Square (α = 5%), found 3 positive study subjects infected with STH, consisting of 1 egg of Ascaris lubricoides and 2 eggs of Trichuris trichiura. Positive STH respondents, have a washing by water and soap habits before eating and defecating, without wearing gloves. There was a relationship between hand washing by water and soap habits before eating to worm infection, but no relationship between this habit after defecating and no wearing gloves to worm infection. Vegetable farmers are advised to change the daily habits and maintain personal hygiene after working. use personal protective equipment when working and maintain personal hygiene.

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“…Parasites live in a dynamic relationship with their hosts who provide all the energy and nutrients required, resulting in reduced food intake and poor nutrition of the host, causing changes in the intestinal walls, thus it causes inefcient digestion and absorption. Heavier infections can cause a range of symptoms including intestinal manifestations (diarrhea and abdominal pain), malnutrition, general malaise and weakness, and impaired growth and physical development [20]. Infections of very high intensity can cause intestinal obstruction that should be treated surgically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Deworming on Health Outcomes among Children Aged 12–59 Months in Tanzania: A Multilevel Mixed Effects Analysis

Moshi,

Sebastian,

Azizi

et al. 2023

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

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Introduction. Mass deworming of preschool children is a strategy suggested to prevent soil-transmitted helminth infections in most developing countries. Nonetheless, there is a scarcity of data showing the contribution of mass deworming to a child’s nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of deworming on nutritional health outcomes (stunting, underweight, and anemia) in children aged 12 to 59 months. Methods. A secondary analysis of data extracted from the Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS) 2015-16 data was carried out. A total of 7,962 children were included in this study. A multilevel logistic regression was used at a 5% level of significance to determine the individual- and community-level determinants of deworming on health outcomes among children. Results. The prevalence of underweight (62.6%), stunting (61.0%), and anemia (61.8%) was higher in children who were not dewormed than those who were dewormed. Female children were more likely to suffer from poor health outcomes (OR = 1.01 and 95% CI = 0.95–1.07) than male children. Children aged 24–35 months and 36–47 months were significantly less likely to suffer from poor health outcomes (OR = 0.89; 95% CI = 0.82–0.97 and OR = 0.88; 96% CI = 0.81–0.96, respectively; p < 0.01 ). Children from households with unimproved toilets (OR = 1.38 and 95% CI = 1.25–1.52), unimproved water sources (OR = 1.08 and 95% CI = 1.01–1.16), and living in rural areas (OR = 1.02 and 95% CI = 0.91–1.14) had higher odds for poor health outcomes. Conclusion. Deworming may be an effective technique for preventing poor health outcomes in children and the risks associated with them, such as poor growth and development.

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An investigation on the epidemiology and risk factors associated with soil-transmitted helminth infections in Ijebu East Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Status of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis Among Adolescents in Anaocha Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Future Directions After a Decade of Ongoing Mass Administration of Medicines

Status of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis Among Adolescents in Anaocha Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Future Directions After a Decade of Ongoing Mass Administration of Medicines

Factors Related to Soil Transmitted Helminth Infection in Vegetable Farmers

Effect of Deworming on Health Outcomes among Children Aged 12–59 Months in Tanzania: A Multilevel Mixed Effects Analysis

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