An Ontology-Based Automation System

Abstract

This paper presents an ontology-based approach to benefit automatic fertilization management for citrus orchards located in mountainous region. The core of the fertilization approach is the citrus fertilization ontology, which covers knowledge about citrus fertilizers and fertilization application. Specially, our approach can provide not only the yearly fertilization quantities of required pure nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium according to their disease symptoms, but also the suitable fertilizing recommendations for the citrus orchards with different soil properties. The current version of the ontology (ver. 2.9.10) contains 103 classes, 34 properties, 800 instances, which are defined by 3056 RDF triples and is evaluated by using 90 competency questions. Furthermore, we run experiments with our proposal targeting at four citrus orchards in Chongqing, and compare its outputs with the reference values advised by the agri-professionals of citrus planting.

A Review of Semantic Annotation in the Context of the Linked Open Data Cloud

“…The URI allows a user to easily access the data after it has been located. URIs offer a common format that facilitates machine-to-machine communication by making it simple to combine data with other information [23]. LOD faces some challenges and limitations, such as a lack of distinction among building materials, a lack of clarity and specificity, and a lack of alignment with the level of information needed.…”