“…Researchers outside the field of civil and structural engineering have begun to make interesting contributions by proposing ontologies, generic models and technical requirements for designing smart infrastructures (Chu et al, 2012;Spieß et al, 2007). Discussing from a technical viewpoint, Liu and Tomizuka (2003) noted that collaborative research focusing on smart infrastructure will require expert inputs from a wide range of disciplines, including AI, structural engineering, wireless communication, computer science, manufacturing, network systems, automation and control engineering, power electronics and Memss.…”