An Orthogonal Collision Dynamic Mechanism of Wave-Like Uplift Plateaus in Southern Asia

Abstract

In southern Asia, there are three large-scale wave-like mountains ranging from the Tibetan Plateau westward to the Iranian Plateau and the Armenian Plateau. On the southern side between plateaus, there are the Indian Peninsula and the Arabian Peninsula. What dynamic mechanisms form the directional alignment of the three plateaus with the two peninsulas remains a mystery. In the early stages of the Earth's geological evolution, the internal structure of the Earth was that the center was a solid core, and the outmost layer was a thin equatorial crust zone separated by two thick pristine continents in polar areas, while the middle part was a deep magma fluid layer. Within the magma fluid layer, thermal and dynamic differences triggered planetary-scale vertical magma cells and led to the core-magma angular momentum exchange. When the core loses angular momentum and the magma layer gains angular momentum, the movement of upper magma fluids to the east and the tropical convergence zone (TCZ) drives the split and drift of two thick pristine continents, eventually forming the current combination of these plateaus and peninsulas and their wave-like arrangement along the east-west direction. Among them, the horizontal orthogonal convergence (collision) of upper magma fluids from the two hemispheres excited the vertical shear stress along the magma TCZ, which is the dynamic mechanism of mountain uplifts on the north side and plate subductions on the south side. To confirm this mechanism, two examples of low-level winds are used to calculate the correspondence between cyclone/anticyclonic systems generated by the orthogonal collision of airflows along the atmospheric TCZ and satellite-observed cloud systems. Such comparison can help us revisit the geological history of continental drift and orogeny.

A Review on the Study of Continental Drift and Numerical Simulation Associated with the Early Earth Core-Magma Angular Momentum Exchange

“…Driven by the upper magma fluids, the drift of the African block towards magma TCZ forms the backing of the movement and collision of the Indian and Arabian blocks. The magma fluids driving the continental blocks collided orthogonally at the magma fluid TCZ [27]. The distribution of the current landforms around the globe in Figure 2 is the result of multiple-time drifts and collisions of continental blocks.…”

“…The southernmost location of magma fluid movement in the Northern Hemisphere can reach the Tonga Islands. The upper magma fluids and continental blocks converging along the magma fluid TCZ formed the Tibetan Plateau, the Iranian Plateau, and the Armenian Plateau in southern Asia [27]. Because the speed of upper magma fluids is a function of latitudes the Coriolis force is varied so that the drift speed, geopotential height and peripheral morphology of continental blocks also change.…”

“…The Asian block, including the Tibetan Plateau, is the size about the Australian block. The Asian block is subject to the collision from the Indian block south of the TCZ and to the southeastward drift driven by the upper magma fluids [27]. According to the symmetry of the direction and speed of upper magma fluid motion on both sides of the TCZ, the location of the first southeastward drift of the Asian block should be symmetrical with the location of the first northeastward drift of the Australian block.…”

“…In our study, early breakup continents floated above magma fluids. Floating continents collide with each other, creating orogeny or mountain uplifts [27]. Since the moving velocity of magma fluids is not uniform in spatial distribution, thickening and shortening of numerical simulation occur on floating continents [28].…”

The Essence of Gravity Is the Expansion Tendency of the Universe after the Big Bang

“…Under the drive of upper magmatic fluids, the continental crust on the southern side of the convergence zone was subducted, while the continental crust on the northern side was uplifted. Only such orthogonal collision has enough vertical movement energy to uplift the continental plates to a height of several kilometers, forming an alignment of three east-west oriented plateaus or large mountains located on the southern side of Eurasia[61]. Hence, the process of mountain uplift can be dynamically described by Equation(10) and Equation(12).…”