An overexpressed<i>Q</i>allele leads to increased spike density and improved processing quality

Xu, Bo; Chen, Qing; Zheng, Ting; Qiao, Yu; Guo, Zhen-Ru; Cao, Yong-Li; Wang, Yan; Zhang, Yazhou; Zong, Lu-Juan; Zhu, Jing; Liu, Caihong; Jiang, Qiantao; Lan, Xiujin; Ma, Jian; Wang, Jirui; Zheng, Yu; Wei, Yuming; Qi, Pengfei

doi:10.1101/098558

Cited by 9 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Taken together, our present data support the hypothesis that tae‐miR172 may regulate wheat spike architecture, especially the spikelet density mainly through the repression of Q . Interestingly, during the review of our study, a study reported that the nucleotide mutations in the miR172‐targeting site of Q , which interfere with the miR172‐mediated suppression and thus lead to Q accumulation, resulted in increased spikelet densities in bread wheat (Xu et al ., ). This report, from another point of view, well supports our conclusion that the miR172‐ Q module is crucial in the regulation of wheat spike architecture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Previous study in Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that miR172 likely suppresses its target gene APETALA2 mainly through translational suppression, as the AP2 mRNA abundance was not affected by the overexpression of miR172 (Chen, ). However, in this study, we clearly observed the miR172‐guided cleavage of Q transcripts by 5′ RACE in our assays (Figure a), which was also supported by very recent studies (Debernardi et al ., ; Greenwood et al ., ; Xu et al ., ). More importantly, the Q mRNA levels were dramatically decreased in tae‐miR172 overexpression bread wheat plants, compared with those in the WT control (Figure b), suggesting that the transcriptional degradation is the major mechanism employed by tae‐miR172 in suppression of Q in bread wheat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although it has been shown that Q gene plays important roles in the domestication of bread wheat (Debernardi et al, 2017;Greenwood et al, 2017;Simons et al, 2006;Xu et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2011), the underlying mechanisms of Q protein action remain unclear. In this study, we showed that Q protein is a transcription repressor with two EAR motifs (Figure 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional regulation of Q by microRNA172 and transcriptional co‐repressor TOPLESS in controlling bread wheat spikelet density

Liu

Dong

et al. 2017

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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SummaryBread wheat (Triticum aestivum) spike architecture is an important agronomic trait. The Q gene plays a key role in the domestication of bread wheat spike architecture. However, the regulatory mechanisms of Q expression and transcriptional activity remain largely unknown. In this study, we show that overexpression of bread wheat tae‐miR172 caused a speltoid‐like spike phenotype, reminiscent of that in wheat plants with the q gene. The reduction in Q transcript levels in the tae‐miR172 overexpression transgenic bread wheat lines suggests that the Q expression can be suppressed by tae‐miR172 in bread wheat. Indeed, our RACE analyses confirmed that the Q mRNA is targeted by tae‐miR172 for cleavage. According to our analyses, the Q protein is localized in nucleus and confers transcriptional repression activity. Meanwhile, the Q protein could physically interact with the bread wheat transcriptional co‐repressor TOPLESS (TaTPL). Specifically, the N‐terminal ethylene‐responsive element binding factor‐associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) (LDLNVE) motif but not the C‐terminal EAR (LDLDLR) motif of Q protein mediates its interaction with the CTLH motif of TaTPL. Moreover, we show that the N‐terminal EAR motif of Q protein is also essentially required for the transcriptional repression activity of Q protein. Taken together, we reveal the functional regulation of Q protein by tae‐miR172 and transcriptional co‐repressor TaTPL in controlling the bread wheat spike architecture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional regulation of Q by microRNA172 and transcriptional co‐repressor TOPLESS in controlling bread wheat spikelet density

Liu

Dong

et al. 2017

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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“…Total RNA was extracted with the Plant RNA Extraction kit (Biofit, Shanghai, China), after which first-strand cDNA was synthesized from 2.5 lg total RNA with the RevertAid TM First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Fermentas, Glen Burnie, MD, USA). The RT-PCR assay was completed with a pair of Q gene-specific primers (Q-cDNA; Xu et al, 2018). The qRT-PCR assay was conducted with the SYBR Premix Ex Taq TM RT-PCR kit (Takara, Dalian, China).…”

Section: Reverse Transcription Pcr and Quantitative Real-time Pcr Anamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This unusual case likely benefited from the molecular mechanism of Q that negatively regulates wild traits. During wheat domestication, the Q allele originated from a SNP mutation in the miRNA172binding site of the wild-type q allele (Simons et al, 2006), resulting in increased transcription levels via a decrease in miRNA172dependent degradation (Debernardi et al, 2017;Greenwood et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2018;Xu et al, 2018). With dosage effects regulating the phenotype, the upregulated expression of Q improved multiple domestication traits (e.g.…”

Section: Q T Is An Unusual Case For De-domesticationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re‐acquisition of the brittle rachis trait via a transposon insertion in domestication gene Q during wheat de‐domestication

et al. 2019

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Summary De‐domestication is a unique evolutionary process during which crops re‐acquire wild‐like traits to survive and persist in agricultural fields without the need for human cultivation. The re‐acquisition of seed dispersal mechanisms is crucial for crop de‐domestication. Common wheat is an important cereal crop worldwide. Tibetan semi‐wild wheat is a potential de‐domesticated common wheat subspecies. However, the crucial genes responsible for its brittle rachis trait have not been identified. Genetic mapping, functional analyses and phylogenetic analyses were completed to identify the gene associated with Qbr.sau‐5A, which is a major locus for the brittle rachis trait of Tibetan semi‐wild wheat. The cloned Qbr.sau‐5A gene is a new Q allele (Qt) with a 161‐bp transposon insertion in exon 5. Although Qt is expressed normally, its encoded peptide lacks some key features of the APETALA2 family. The abnormal functions of Qt in developing wheat spikes result in brittle rachises. Phylogenetic and genotyping analyses confirmed that Qt originated from Q in common wheat and is naturally distributed only in Tibetan semi‐wild wheat populations. The identification of Qt provides new evidence regarding the origin of Tibetan semi‐wild wheat, and new insights into the re‐acquisition of wild traits during crop de‐domestication.

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Several stably expressed QTL for spike density of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) in multiple environments

Liu

et al. 2019

Plant Breeding

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Spike density (SD), an important spike morphological trait associated with wheat yield, is the spikelet number per spike (SNS) divided by spike length (SL). In this study, phenotypic data from eight environments were collected and a recombinant inbred line population (RIL) constructed by the wheat line 20828 and the cultivar 'Chuannong16' and a Wheat55K SNP array‐based constructed genetic linkage map were used to identify SD quantitative trait locus (QTL). Correlation between SD and other agronomic traits was calculated. Genes associated with plant growth and development for major loci were predicted. The results showed that 24 QTLs associated with SD were detected in eight environments. Among them, three major QTL, namely QSd.sicau‐5B.2, QSd.sicau‐2D.3 and QSd.sicau‐4B.1, explained up to 35.62%, 14.21% and 11.23% of phenotypic variation, respectively. The positive alleles of them were all derived from 'Chuannong16'. The significant relationships between SD and other agronomic traits were detected and discussed. Taken together, the stably expressed SD QTL under different environments identified in this study provided theoretical guidance for further fine mapping and germplasm improvement.

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An overexpressedQallele leads to increased spike density and improved processing quality

Abstract: 20Spike density and processing quality are important traits during the evolution of 21 wheat, which is controlled by multiple gene loci. The associated gene loci have been 22

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Functional regulation of Q by microRNA172 and transcriptional co‐repressor TOPLESS in controlling bread wheat spikelet density

Functional regulation of Q by microRNA172 and transcriptional co‐repressor TOPLESS in controlling bread wheat spikelet density

Re‐acquisition of the brittle rachis trait via a transposon insertion in domestication gene Q during wheat de‐domestication

Several stably expressed QTL for spike density of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) in multiple environments

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