An Overview of Analytical Methods for the Estimation of Propofol in Pharmaceutical Formulations, Biological Matrices, and Hair Marker

Sajeeda, S.; Kumar, Lalit; Verma, Ruchi

doi:10.1080/10408347.2021.1910927

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that propofol functions as a sedative via acting mainly on the β subunit of GABA receptors, directly opening the chloride (Cl − ) channels, and then inducing postsynaptic inhibition. 15 , 16 Remimazolam functions as a sedative via activating benzodiazepine receptors located on the α subunit of GABA receptors, increasing the frequency of Cl − channels opening, and then inducing postsynaptic inhibition. 17 , 18 These support that the two drugs can play synergistic effect of sedation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remimazolam Tosylate Combined with Low-Dose Propofol Improves Sedation and Safety in Hysteroscopy

Zhang¹,

Chang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

DDDT

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Background Propofol is widely used for sedation of hysteroscopy. It can cause injection pain, respiratory depression, and hypotension. Remimazolam is a novel ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine. Clinical practice has found that the use of remimazolam alone often leads to body movement during hysteroscopy, which decreases the safety and comfort. Here this study is to investigate whether remimazolam combined with low-dose propofol can improve the sedation effect and safety of hysteroscopy. Patients and Methods In this prospective, randomized, parallel-controlled trial, women (18 to 60 years) undergoing hysteroscopy were randomly assigned to receive propofol (Group P), remimazolam tosylate (Group R), or remimazolam tosylate plus propofol (Group RP). Intraoperative sedation depth was kept at the bispectral index (BIS) value of 40–60. 6 μg/kg alfentanil was used for analgesic before sedation. Intraoperative low pulse oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ), body movement, injection pain, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and postoperative recovery time, dizziness, nausea and vomiting were recorded and compared. Results From February to July 2022, 193 patients were recruited and randomly assigned to group P (n=64), group R (n=64), or group RP (n=65). There was no significant inter-group difference of the intraoperative BIS values. The incidence of low SpO 2 , injection pain, hypotension, and postoperative dizziness in group RP were less than that in group P, and had no significant difference from group R. The incidence of body movement in group RP was less than that in group R, and had no significant difference from group P. Postoperative recovery time of group RP was shorter than that of the other two groups. No significant inter-group difference in bradycardia, nausea and vomiting was observed. Conclusion Remimazolam tosylate combined with low dose of propofol improved sedation and safety in hysteroscopy, and may be a more ideal sedative method for hysteroscopy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remimazolam Tosylate Combined with Low-Dose Propofol Improves Sedation and Safety in Hysteroscopy

Zhang¹,

Chang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

DDDT

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“…This is because the excess release of glutamate may lead to excitotoxicity in both acute and chronic insults, such as ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative disorders [3,40]. Neuroprotective agents, e.g., riluzole, lamotrigine, and lubeluzole, have decreased glutamatergic transmission before it becomes neurotoxic [41][42][43]. In our study, DHC inhibited depolarization-evoked glutamate release in a concentration-dependent manner, with concentrations ranging from 50 to 1 µM and IC 50 values of 20.8 µM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Inhibition of Glutamate Release from Rat Cortical Nerve Terminals by Dehydrocorydaline, an Alkaloid from Corydalis yanhusuo

et al. 2022

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Excessive release of glutamate induces excitotoxicity and causes neuronal damage in several neurodegenerative diseases. Natural products have emerged as potential neuroprotective agents for preventing and treating neurological disorders. Dehydrocorydaline (DHC), an active alkaloid compound isolated from Corydalis yanhusuo, possesses neuroprotective capacity. The present study investigated the effect of DHC on glutamate release using a rat brain cortical synaptosome model. Our results indicate that DHC inhibited 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-evoked glutamate release and elevated intrasynaptosomal calcium levels. The inhibitory effect of DHC on 4-AP-evoked glutamate release was prevented in the presence of the vesicular transporter inhibitor bafilomycin A1 and the N- and P/Q-type Ca2+ channel blocker ω-conotoxin MVIIC but not the intracellular inhibitor of Ca2+ release dantrolene or the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger inhibitor CGP37157. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of DHC on evoked glutamate release was prevented by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor PD98059. Western blotting data in synaptosomes also showed that DHC significantly decreased the level of ERK1/2 phosphorylation and synaptic vesicle-associated protein synapsin I, the main presynaptic target of ERK. Together, these results suggest that DHC inhibits presynaptic glutamate release from cerebrocortical synaptosomes by suppressing presynaptic voltage-dependent Ca2+ entry and the MAPK/ERK/synapsin I signaling pathway.

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Propofol-induced in-situ formation of silver nanoparticles: A sensing colorimetric method

Sajedi-Amin

Khoubnasabjafari

Jouyban-Gharamaleki

et al. 2023

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

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An Overview of Analytical Methods for the Estimation of Propofol in Pharmaceutical Formulations, Biological Matrices, and Hair Marker

Cited by 3 publications

References 54 publications

Remimazolam Tosylate Combined with Low-Dose Propofol Improves Sedation and Safety in Hysteroscopy

Remimazolam Tosylate Combined with Low-Dose Propofol Improves Sedation and Safety in Hysteroscopy

Inhibition of Glutamate Release from Rat Cortical Nerve Terminals by Dehydrocorydaline, an Alkaloid from Corydalis yanhusuo

Propofol-induced in-situ formation of silver nanoparticles: A sensing colorimetric method

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