An Overview of Green Retrofitting Implementation in Non Residential Existing Buildings

Jagarajan, Rehmaashini; Lee, Janice Yim Mei; Jaafar, Mohd Nadzri

doi:10.11113/jt.v73.4324

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The aggregated CO 2 emissions are calculated based on the use of gas ( 5) and electricity (6). For this purpose, a fixed CO 2 emission rate ( ) is applied to the aggregated gas flows.…”

Section: Emissions Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, several techno-economic models have been proposed for the assessment of low carbon interventions. At a disaggregated level, models for insulation upgrades [4][5][6], placement of heating options (e.g., considering various technologies and emitters [7][8][9]), and installation of electricity generation and electro-thermal alternatives (e.g., PV and CHP [10][11][12]) have been proposed. Considering the benefits of aggregation, models of district heating networks [13,14] and private-wire/microgrid arrangements [15][16][17][18] have also been advanced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Techno-economic and business case assessment of low carbon technologies in distributed multi-energy systems

et al. 2016

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Increasing focus on energy affordability and environmental impact is drawing interest towards the potential value of low carbon technology (LCT) interventions in buildings and district energy systems. Relevant interventions may include improvements of the insulation levels and installation of low carbon and renewable generation technologies (e.g., combined heat and power, photovoltaics, heat pumps). These LCT interventions for both electricity and heat supply can, in principle, reduce energy costs and CO 2 emissions for final energy consumers. This can be achieved by coupling, and possibly optimising, multiple energy vectors from traditionally independent systems (e.g., electricity, heat and gas). However, this transition to distributed multi-energy systems introduces complex physical and commercial interactions between the different energy vectors. Further, these interactions can be fundamentally different at different aggregation levels (e.g., premises, district, and commercial level). This makes the assessment of business cases for LCT interventions in a multi-energy context a grand challenge, and given the potentially disruptive commercial impact of many such novel technologies, such complexity might result in a barrier to their development. In light of this, this paper proposes a techno-economic framework for the assessment of business cases of LCTs, which systematically models the physical and commercial multi-energy flows at the premises, grid connection point, and commercial levels. This is particularly important given the commonly asymmetrical nature of various energy price components, which can have significant effects on the business cases of LCTs and associated actors (e.g., retailers and energy service companies). The proposed framework is demonstrated through a series of case studies that highlight the value of various LCT interventions and of aggregation, in terms of energy, emission and operational cash flow metrics. The relevance and importance of the framework to developing business cases for various energy system actors, including policy makers and regulators, is discussed, with the final aim of facilitating the uptake of low carbon multi-energy technologies.

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“…The aggregated CO 2 emissions are calculated based on the use of gas ( 5) and electricity (6). For this purpose, a fixed CO 2 emission rate ( ) is applied to the aggregated gas flows.…”

Section: Emissions Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-economic and business case assessment of low carbon technologies in distributed multi-energy systems

et al. 2016

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“…Li and Xia [15] used the equivalent thermal parameter model to simulate air conditioners for Demand Response Programs (DR). And Jagarajan et al [16] proposed a simplified thermal model in the stochastic state-space and performance maps for predicting the coupled thermal response of a cooling unit. While Husin et al [17] implemented an aggregated model of a house cooling unit to establish the relationship between the external environment, indoor temperature, and the power consumption of the cooling system.…”

Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable Smartification of Commercial Buildings HVAC Systems Using the Internet of Things and Machine Learning

Mahdi

Bakare

Ahmad

et al. 2021

Proceedings of International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems

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Most of the commercial buildings in Malaysia are still equipped with the legacy control for their Heat ventilation and air conditioning system (HVAC), which several studies claimed to have contributed to energy consumption in buildings. A significant amount of this energy is consumed by the building Heat Ventilation and Air Conditioning units. This is mostly due to the lack of smart and remote functionalities in the legacy HVAC systems to control the chillers and the Air handling units. This massive energy consumption is an antithesis to what governments all over the world are aiming for. However, scalability and deployment of low-cost resource-limited hardware embedded with control algorithms used to save energy in commercial building's Heat Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) units is a difficult engineering task. But the unprecedented advancement and perverseness of information technology services over the past two decades has led to an ever more connected world. This project will leverage the concept of the Internet of Energy to make the systems smarter and more decentralized for flexible energy usage. Modern-day devices are increasingly linked to the internet, creating what is now referred to as the internet of things (IoT). The IoT paradigm has provided technologists with the ability to remotely control devices, and with the recent progress in Machine learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), devices are trained to make smart decisions that can independently influence human to machine interactions.

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“…However, due to an absence of collateral in private buildings, a great deal of reluctance is seen amongst financial institutions for the provision of funds to such buildings. Jagarajan et al (2015) suggested that initial capital costs, changes in the pricing of green materials and lack of funding further contribute toward the financial barrier of retrofitting. Furthermore, Marker et al (2014) suggest that over 50 per cent of barriers to green retrofitting is owed to unattractive returns on investments.…”

Section: Barriers Of Green Retrofittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of facilities management in green retrofit of existing buildings in the United Arab Emirates

Mawed

Tilani

Hamani

2020

JFM

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Purpose Green retrofitting is acknowledged as an essential strategy toward achieving long-term sustainability in the built environment. To implement this strategy successfully, the role of facility managers cannot be ignored. The purpose of this paper is to investigate present practices that are used in managing the existing facilities, to highlight the elements that govern the process of green retrofitting, and discuss the efforts and contribution of facility managers in enhancing the environmental performance of the existing facilities stock in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Design/methodology/approach This study suggests that an adequate level of awareness of the benefits of green retrofit amongst owners and decision-makers is mostly dependent on facilities management (FM) professionals, who must establish effective communication channel with senior management. FM professionals in the UAE are well equipped and competent in greening existing buildings and can simultaneously lead a building to the path of achieving green building certification. Findings To examine the role of FM in a green retrofit and its current status in the UAE built environment, a two-step qualitative method was adopted. The study started by conducting semi-structured interviews with FM professionals and then assessing the insights obtained from the interviews against an actual case study of a LEED Existing Building certified facility. Research limitations/implications Interviews were limited to FM professionals in the private sector and the results from one case study should be considered cautiously. Originality/value This paper emphasizes the primordial role of FM professionals in promoting green retrofit in the UAE.

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An Overview of Green Retrofitting Implementation in Non Residential Existing Buildings

Cited by 8 publications

References 65 publications

Techno-economic and business case assessment of low carbon technologies in distributed multi-energy systems

Techno-economic and business case assessment of low carbon technologies in distributed multi-energy systems

Scalable Smartification of Commercial Buildings HVAC Systems Using the Internet of Things and Machine Learning

The role of facilities management in green retrofit of existing buildings in the United Arab Emirates

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