An Overview of Solid Waste Management toward Zero Landfill: A Swedish Model

Rousta, Kamran; Richards, Tobias; Taherzadeh, Mohammad J.

doi:10.1201/b18680-2

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The review also focuses on the sorting of the food packaging waste carried out by the households. Sorting of food packaging waste is done in an attempt to manage this waste fraction at the proper level in the waste hierarchy, i.e., recycling [5,43]. Similar to previous studies, the act of sorting the waste for preparing the packaging for material recycling is also called 'recycling behavior'.…”

Section: Materials Collectionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The global increase in HSW leads to increases in economic costs associated with waste management, it has a large environmental impact and, unless properly treated, raises concerns for the health and well-being of the local population. Waste management systems are therefore facing large challenges when contributing to all three aspects of sustainable development: economic, environmental, and social [4][5][6]. These challenges become more demanding in developed countries, where there is a strong link between economic growth, consumption, and the amount of generated waste [2,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sustainable waste management system, which recovers material and energy from the waste, is therefore required to reduce environmental impacts [5,8,9] and to make advances towards a circular economy [10][11][12]. Although advances in technology are important to improve methods to treat waste, the waste management system requires the active participation of all stakeholders, including actors that generate the waste (such as households), funding institutions, and the actors that manage the municipal waste [3,5,6,8]. At the same time, the National Sword project in China and other Southeast Asian countries, which bans the importing of contaminated and mix-waste, increases the requirement of proper recycling in many countries around the world [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Food Packaging Design in Consumer Recycling Behavior—A Literature Review

et al. 2019

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Household waste sorting at the source is an essential part of the waste management system in many countries. Correct sorting of this waste, including food packaging waste, is cost-effective, it facilitates the recycling process and enhances the quality of the recycled product. Although there is a growing body of research that studies the effect of different attributes of food packaging on household recycling behavior, the effect of these attributes on the sorting of the food packaging waste is not well known. This contribution reviews work that studies the relationship between attributes of food packaging and consumer sorting behavior. The review highlights the potential of the visual attributes and the quality of packaging as a communication channel for encouraging consumers to sort the food packaging waste. The efficiency of the waste management system and the quality of recycled products can hence be affected by the proper design of food packaging.Sustainability 2019, 11, 4350 2 of 23 waste management scheme, and in particular in sorting at the source, have been discussed in previous studies [1,6,[16][17][18][19][20][21]. For example, the fractions that are obtained when sorting at the source (e.g., glass, plastic, and paper) have a higher quality compared to fractions obtained when sorting at MRFs, and the source separation process is less expensive [1,3,19]. Hence, correct sorting of waste fractions can increase material recycling and contribute to a circular economy.Among the different fractions of HSW, food packaging is of interest due to the increasing amount of this type of waste. Also, food packaging is estimated to be more than one-third of the total global packaging market [22,23]. However, the amount of recycled food packaging waste still is not sufficient. For instance, in 2017 only 56% of the 4.4 million tons of packaging waste that was generated in Australia was recycled [24]. In the United States of America, in 2015 the recycling rate of packaging waste and containers was 53% and over 23% of packaging waste was landfilled [25]. In Sweden, approximately 60% of household mixed waste still contains recyclable packaging waste [3]. On a global scale, this amount of un-recycled food packaging waste, especially plastic packaging, can significantly harm the environment [26,27]. This impact could be reduced by proper waste sorting. Proper sorting of food packing, irrespective of whether it is plastic, paperboard, or metal, allows the material to be recycled instead of being used for energy recovery, landfilling, or dumping. Thus, food packaging waste could be a valuable resource that would have lower environmental impacts if it is sorted according to the type of the material that was used to make the packaging [1,3]. In addition, the positive correlation between increasing urbanization and packaging consumption is expected to continue [26]. This is likely to lead to a greater amount of food packaging waste in the future. It is therefore important to motivate consumers to participate in the waste sorting s...

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Section: Materials Collectionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Food Packaging Design in Consumer Recycling Behavior—A Literature Review

et al. 2019

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“…Sweden has also decided to increase the current recycling rate for packaging waste from 65% by 20% per year [14]. The primary rationale behind this is that waste is a potential resource for material recovery and energy production [15], if it is properly separated by consumers, which is highly dependent upon the voluntary engagement of consumers with the technical system [16]. Sorting of waste by consumers makes the entire recycling process more cost-effective than separation and sorting at a material recovery facility, where all of the waste is initially mixed, and the quality and quantity of the sorted fractions are low [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Producers are also responsible for reducing the environmental impacts of their products and to provide municipalities with information to deal with production waste. Municipalities, on the other hand, are responsible for providing residents with relevant information, and residents are expected to separate and sort different waste fractions in their homes, i.e., sorting at the source [16,21]. Therefore, such a system must avoid confusion and inconvenience for the residents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Food Packaging Attributes to Influence Consumers’ Decisions to Sort Waste

Nemat¹

2020

Sustainability

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Food packaging waste is a valuable resource for material recovery, if it is properly separated and sorted by consumers. The packaging itself may have the potential to assist consumer sorting by, for example, communicating a correct sorting practice. This is partly due to the fact that the sorting of packaging waste, which is a habitual behavior of consumers, can be perceived as being confusing and inconvenient. Consumers can, therefore, choose not to sort. It is argued that material recovery could be enhanced if packaging can afford easy and proper sorting and separation. To investigate the potential of packaging to support proper sorting, six types of yogurt and cream packaging were examined across 15 households in Karlskrona (a medium-sized Swedish city). The aim is to investigate the effect of selected packaging attributes on consumer decisions regarding waste sorting. The results reveal that some of the selected packaging waste is not properly separated and sorted. It is concluded that the design of food packaging based on user-centered needs could affect consumer decisions for the proper sorting of packaging waste, which enables improved material recovery. The design should focus especially on the package’s visual attributes, the material selection, and the package´s waste sorting related functions.

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The Implementation of the Theory of Planned Behavior in an Agent-Based Model for Waste Recycling: A Review and a Proposal

Scalco

Ceschi

Shiboub³

et al. 2017

Understanding Complex Systems

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An Overview of Solid Waste Management toward Zero Landfill: A Swedish Model

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

The Role of Food Packaging Design in Consumer Recycling Behavior—A Literature Review

The Role of Food Packaging Design in Consumer Recycling Behavior—A Literature Review

The Potential of Food Packaging Attributes to Influence Consumers’ Decisions to Sort Waste

The Implementation of the Theory of Planned Behavior in an Agent-Based Model for Waste Recycling: A Review and a Proposal

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