An overview of the methods used in the characterisation of natural organic matter (NOM) in relation to drinking water treatment

Matilainen, Anu; Gjessing, Egil T.; Lahtinen, Tanja; Hed, Leif; Bhatnagar, Amit; Sillanpää, Mika

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.01.018

Cited by 621 publications

(369 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…Also, DOC is more likely to strongly interact with the ENMs, so it has been suggested as a more relevant water quality parameter for understanding the effect on ENMs. Specific UV-absorbance (SUVA, = UV absorbance/DOC) and UV-Vis (typically at 254 nm) are also used to measure the concentration of NOM in water [18,55]. The aromatic content of NOM is found to be closely correlated to the specific UV absorbance (SUVA) [72,78].…”

Section: Biocolloid Geocolloid and Natural Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural organic matter (NOM) is widely found in surface water, groundwater, sediments and soil [55][56][57]. NOM is mainly the residual from plants and animals materials, as well as some of the biocolloids mentioned before [15,22,58].…”

Section: Biocolloid Geocolloid and Natural Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is important to understand the nature of NOM. NOM is a complex heterogeneous mixture of organic compounds, covering a wide range from largely aliphatic to colored aromatic hydrocarbon structures that possess attached functional groups [55,[62][63][64]. These functional groups include amide, carboxyl, hydroxyl, ketone, and various others [22,62].…”

Section: Biocolloid Geocolloid and Natural Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Heteroaggregation of nanoparticles with biocolloids and geocolloids

Wang

Adeleye

Huang

et al. 2015

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

170

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The application of nanoparticles has raised concern over the safety of these materials to human health and the ecosystem. After release into an aquatic environment, nanoparticles are likely to experience heteroaggregation with biocolloids, geocolloids, natural organic matter (NOM) and other types of nanoparticles. Heteroaggregation is of vital importance for determining the fate and transport of nanoparticles in aqueous phase and sediments. In this article, we review the typical cases of heteroaggregation between nanoparticles and biocolloids and/or geocolloids, mechanisms, modeling, and important indicators used to determine heteroaggregation in aqueous phase. The major mechanisms of heteroaggregation include electric force, bridging, hydrogen bonding, and chemical bonding. The modeling of heteroaggregation typically considers DLVO, X-DLVO, and fractal dimension. The major indicators for studying heteroaggregation of nanoparticles include surface charge measurements, size measurements, observation of morphology of particles and aggregates, and heteroaggregation rate determination. In the end, we summarize the research challenges and perspective for the heteroaggregation of nanoparticles, such as the determination of α hetero values and heteroaggregation rates; more accurate analytical methods instead of DLS for heteroaggregation measurements; sensitive analytical techniques to measure low concentrations of nanoparticles in heteroaggregation systems; appropriate characterization of NOM at the molecular level to understand the structures and fractionation of NOM; effects of different types, concentrations, and fractions of NOM on the heteroaggregation of nanoparticles; the quantitative adsorption and desorption of NOM onto the surface of nanoparticles and heteroaggregates; and a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms and modeling of heteroaggregation in natural water which is a complex system containing NOM, nanoparticles, biocolloids and geocolloids.

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Section: Biocolloid Geocolloid and Natural Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biocolloid Geocolloid and Natural Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biocolloid Geocolloid and Natural Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Heteroaggregation of nanoparticles with biocolloids and geocolloids

Wang

Adeleye

Huang

et al. 2015

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

170

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This method separates NOM into several components according to their chemical properties (hydrophilicityhydrophobicity). Based on this method, the behaviors of different NOM fractions have been investigated (Chow et al, 2005;Hua and Reckhow, 2007;Kitis et al, 2002;Krasner et al, 1996;Liang and Singer, 2003;Matilainen et al, 2011;Panyapinyopol et al, 2005). The results showed that the hydrophilic fractions of NOM are composed mostly of aliphatic carbon and nitrogen compounds (such as carbohydrates, sugars, and amino acids), while hydrophobic NOM primarily consists of humic and fulvic acids and is rich in aromatic carbon, phenolic structures and conjugated double bonds (Krasner et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disinfection byproduct precursor removal by enhanced coagulation and their distribution in chemical fractions

Zhao

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2013

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Raw water from the Songhua River was treated by four types of coagulants, ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ), aluminum sulfate (Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ), polyaluminum chloride (PACl) and composite polyaluminum (HPAC), in order to remove dissolved organic matter (DOM). Considering the disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursor treatability, DOM was divided into five chemical fractions based on resin adsorption. Trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) and haloacetic acid formation potential (HAAFP) were measured for each fraction. The results showed that hydrophobic acids (HoA), hydrophilic matter (HiM) and hydrophobic neutral (HoN) were the dominant fractions. Although both HoN and HoA were the main THM precursors, the contribution for THMFP changed after coagulation. Additionally, HoA and HiM were the main HAA precursors, while the contribution of HoN to HAAFP significantly increased after coagulation. HoM was more easily removed than HiM, no matter which coagulant was used, especially under enhanced coagulation conditions. DOC removal was highest for enhanced coagulation using FeCl 3 while DBPFP was lowest using PACl. This could indicate that not all DOC fractions contained the precursors of DBPs. Reduction of THMFP and HAAFP by PACl under enhanced coagulation could reach 51% and 59% respectively.

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“…NOM is defined as a complex mixture of relatively low molecular weight compounds (e.g. amino acids, proteins) with macromolecular humic substances (humic and fulvic acids, humins) originating from natural decomposition of vegetable and animal remains [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The efficiency of macroporous polystyrene ion-exchange resins in natural organic matter removal from surface water

Urbanowska

Kabsch-Korbutowicz

2017

E3S Web Conf.

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Abstract. Natural water sources used for water treatment contains various organic and inorganic compounds. Surface waters are commonly contaminated with natural organic matter (NOM). NOM removal from water is important e.g. due to lowering the risk of disinfection by-product formation during chlorination. Ion exchange with the use of synthetic ion-exchange resins is an alternative process to typical NOM removal approach (e.g. coagulation, adsorption or oxidation) as most NOM compounds have anionic character. Moreover, neutral fraction could be removed from water due to its adsorption on resin surface. In this study, applicability of two macroporous, polystyrene ion exchange resins (BD400FD and A100) in NOM removal from water was assessed including comparison of treatment efficiency in various process set-ups and conditions. Moreover, resin regeneration effectivity was determined. Obtained results shown that examined resins could be applied in NOM removal and it should be noticed that column set-up yielded better results (contrary to batch set-up). Among the examined resins A100 one possessed better properties. It was determined that increase of solution pH resulted in a slight decrease in treatment efficiency while higher temperature improved it. It was also observed that regeneration efficiency was comparable in both tested methods but batch set-up required less reagents.

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An overview of the methods used in the characterisation of natural organic matter (NOM) in relation to drinking water treatment

Cited by 621 publications

References 150 publications

Heteroaggregation of nanoparticles with biocolloids and geocolloids

Heteroaggregation of nanoparticles with biocolloids and geocolloids

Disinfection byproduct precursor removal by enhanced coagulation and their distribution in chemical fractions

The efficiency of macroporous polystyrene ion-exchange resins in natural organic matter removal from surface water

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