An Overview of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Epidemiology in Endemic Regions of Continental Croatia, 2017–2023

Vilibic-Cavlek, Tatjana; Krcmar, Stjepan; Bogdanic, Maja; Tomljenovic, Morana; Barbic, Ljubo; Roncevic, Dobrica; Sabadi, Dario; Vucelja, Marko; Santini, Marija; Hunjak, Blazenka; Stevanovic, Vladimir; Boljfetic, Marko; Bjedov, Linda; Masovic, Viktor; Potocnik-Hunjadi, Tanja; Lakoseljac, Danijela; Al-Mufleh, Mahmoud; Savic, Vladimir

doi:10.3390/microorganisms12020386

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In Croatia, flavivirus infections are regularly reported in the continental counties. TBE is considered endemic in northwestern and eastern regions with 84 autochthonous cases reported from 2017 to 2023 [9]. WNV infections occur sporadically or as smaller (2012,2022,2023) and larger (2013,2018) outbreaks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proinflammatory Chemokine Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Neuroinvasive Flavivirus Infections

Zidovec-Lepej,

Bodulić,

Bogdanic

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) are the most important neuroinvasive arboviruses detected in Europe. In this study, we analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of 12 proinflammatory chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL11, CCL17, CCL20, CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11) in 77 patients with neuroinvasive diseases (NIDs). Flavivirus infection was confirmed in 62 patients (TBEV and WNV in 31 patients each), while in 15 patients the etiology of NID was not determined (NDE). Similar patterns of high-level expression of chemokines regulating monocyte/macrophage responses (CCL2), neutrophil recruitment (CXCL1 and CXCL8), and interferon-inducible chemoattractants for leukocytes (CXCL10 and CXCL11) have been observed in WNV and TBEV groups. None of the tested chemokines significantly differed between patients with TBEV or WNV. Concentrations of CCL17, CCL20, CXCL5, CXCL10, and CXCL11 were significantly lower in both WNV and TBEV groups compared to NID NDE patients. The logistic regression model showed that CSF concentrations of CXCL11, CXCL5, and CXCL10 could potentially be used for the classification of patients into the WNV or TBEV group versus groups with other NIDs. This study identified, for the first time, similar patterns of CSF chemokine expression in WNV and TBEV infections, suggesting common immunopathogenic mechanisms in neuroinvasive flavivirus infections that should be further evaluated.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proinflammatory Chemokine Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Neuroinvasive Flavivirus Infections

Zidovec-Lepej,

Bodulić,

Bogdanic

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

TBE In Croatia

Vilibić-Čavlek,

Bogdanić,

Savić

et al. 2024

Tick-Borne Encephalitis - The Book

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Croatia, TBE was reported for the first time in 1953 near Križevci (Stara Ves, northwestern region).1 In addition to this first focus, several continental foci (Bjelovar, Pakrac, Koprivnica, Karlovac, Varaždin) have been recorded since 1961. Moreover, TBEV antibodies were detected in residents of the Croatian littoral near the islands of Zadar, Pula, and Brac.2 In 1991, TBEV emerged in the mountainous area of Gorski Kotar.3 The disease is also endemic in northwestern and eastern regions between the Sava and Drava rivers. Endemicity is highest in northwestern counties, with average incidence rates ranging from 3.61 to 6.78 per 100,000 inhabitants.4,5 In 2015 and 2019, two TBE clusters after consumption of raw goat milk were observed.6,7

show abstract

Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus (TBEV): Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Therapeutic Approaches and Some Molecular Aspects—An Updated Review

Mittova,

Tsetskhladze,

Motsonelidze

et al. 2024

Microbiology Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a significant public health concern, particularly in rural regions, like the Caucasus, where tick-borne diseases are prevalent. The review contains comprehensive data on TBEV circulation in the Caucasus region, demonstrating TBE cases in the North Caucasus and Georgia, as well as the identification of new endemic foci in Armenia and Azerbaijan, highlighting the need for further epidemiological studies and surveillance in the region. This review provides an updated overview of TBEV, encompassing its status, subtypes, life cycle and circulation in nature, epidemiology, new approaches to TBE treatment and diagnostics, and recent insights into molecular aspects. Understanding the complexities of TBEV transmission, clinical manifestations, and advancements in diagnostic techniques is crucial for effective management and control strategies. Furthermore, exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying TBEV pathogenesis and host interactions can offer valuable insights for developing novel therapeutics and preventive measures. This comprehensive review aims to consolidate recent research findings and enhance our understanding of TBEV, ultimately contributing to improved public health interventions and patient outcomes.

show abstract

An Overview of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Epidemiology in Endemic Regions of Continental Croatia, 2017–2023

Cited by 6 publications

References 47 publications

Proinflammatory Chemokine Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Neuroinvasive Flavivirus Infections

Proinflammatory Chemokine Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Neuroinvasive Flavivirus Infections

TBE In Croatia

Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus (TBEV): Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Therapeutic Approaches and Some Molecular Aspects—An Updated Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About