An Overview on Antimicrobial Potential of Edible Terrestrial Plants and Marine Macroalgae Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta Extracts

Abstract

Antibiotics are used to prevent and treat bacterial infections. After a prolonged use of antibiotics, it may happen that bacteria adapt to their presence, developing antibiotic resistance and bringing up health complications. Nowadays, antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest threats to global health and food security; therefore, scientists have been searching for new classes of antibiotic compounds which naturally express antimicrobial activity. In recent decades, research has been focused on the extraction of plant compounds to treat microbial infections. Plants are potential sources of biological compounds that express several biological functions beneficial for our organism, including antimicrobial activity. The high variety of compounds of natural origin makes it possible to have a great bioavailability of antibacterial molecules to prevent different infections. The antimicrobial activity of marine plants, also called seaweeds or macroalgae, for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative, and several other strains infective for humans, has been proven. The present review presents research focused on the extraction of antimicrobial compounds from red and green macroalgae (domain Eukarya, kingdom Plantae). Nevertheless, further research is needed to verify the action of macroalgae compounds against bacteria in vitro and in vivo, to be involved in the production of safe and novel antibiotics.

Acacia senegal Budmunchiamines as a Potential Adjuvant for Rejuvenating Phenicol Activities towards Escherichia coli-Resistant Strains

“…Interestingly, this study indicates that the Budmunchiamines analogs from A. senegal leaves identified here have significant activity against AcrB efflux and, taking into account previous observations [6], present a selectivity for the phenicol site(s) located inside the AcrB transporter. This original observation is important with respect to the recent data stating the relative selectivity of the AcrB pump for antibiotics belonging to the fluoroquinolone group [27].…”

“…One of the most promising means is studying new active compounds acting as adjuvant molecules which could enhance the activity of available antibiotics against bacterial strains exhibiting a high resistance level. A recent review presented the state of the art of research on the use of plant extracts to combat bacterial pathogens [6].…”

Harnessing the power of seaweed: unveiling the potential of marine algae in drug discovery

“…The brown seaweed F. vesiculosus (Bladderwrack) (Figure 1d), commonly found in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, contains various bioactive compounds, including phlorotannins, fucoidans, and polyphenols [64]. Studies have shown that extracts from F. vesiculosus possess anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes.…”

Potential use of phytochemical from ethanolic extract of green seaweed Ulva reticulata in aquaculture

“…According to previous studies, the primary metabolites in seaweed include proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, serving as alternative feed ingredients (Wan et al 2019;Thiviya et al 2022). Furthermore, this plant also contains secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols, steroids/terpenoids, and antioxidants (Van Doan et al 2019;Michalak et al 2022;Abaho et al 2022;Susanto et al 2023;Lomartire and Gonçalves 2023). The value of these primary and secondary metabolites has been reported to exhibit variability among various species, geographical locations, and seasons (Park et al 2022).…”