An ultrahigh conductivity and efficiency of SPEEK-based hybrid proton exchange membrane containing amphoteric GO-VIPS nanofillers for vanadium flow battery

Robust Polyaniline-silica@polypropylene for High-Performance, High-Capacity Retention All-Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

“…The experiment was conducted with a solution containing 15 mL of 0.5 M VCl 3 /VOSO 4 in 2 M H 2 SO 4 , and the graph shows a gradual decrease in voltage to 1.16 V, with a time of approximately 215 min to reach that voltage. The energy efficiency (EE) achieved at 200 mA cm –2 for the composite membrane was compared to recent membranes reported in the literature for VRFB in Figure . − Only a few reports provided cycling test data at 200 mA cm –2 or higher current densities, but based on the rate performance data from these reports, EE values at 200 mA cm –2 were estimated. The comparative Figure indicates that there are a few exceptional membranes with EE values of less than 80.0% at 200 mA cm –2 .…”

Enhanced proton conductivity of SPEEK membranes by constructing hydrogen bond network through doping ionic liquid and graphene oxide

“…The level of proton conductivity 37,38 was an important indicator for evaluating membrane performance. The above Figure 6A showed the results of proton conductivity tests for several types of composite membranes (The proton transfer mechanism was illustrated in Figure 7.)…”

Self-Assembled Construction of Ion-Selective Nanobarriers in Electrolyte Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries

“…15−17 In addition, the incorporation of functional nanoadditives into the SPEEK matrix provides a more convenient approach for improving the nanostructure and performance. However, conventional nanoadditives such as inorganic oxide nanoparticles, 18,19 carbon nanomaterials, 20,21 continuity of SPEEK. Thus, developing nanoadditives with a self-assembly ability adaptive to the SPEEK matrix is expected to be a powerful way to optimize the nanostructure and improve the comprehensive macroscopic properties of SPEEK.…”

“…The molecular modification of SPEEK by covalent reactions can tune its intrinsic self-assembly structure but usually needs a complicated synthesis. − In addition, the incorporation of functional nanoadditives into the SPEEK matrix provides a more convenient approach for improving the nanostructure and performance. However, conventional nanoadditives such as inorganic oxide nanoparticles, , carbon nanomaterials, , MOFs, and COFs − have high surface polarity and poor compatibility with the polymer matrix, which easily form ineffective interfaces and interrupt the nanophase continuity of SPEEK. Thus, developing nanoadditives with a self-assembly ability adaptive to the SPEEK matrix is expected to be a powerful way to optimize the nanostructure and improve the comprehensive macroscopic properties of SPEEK.…”

“…The decrease in EE is 1.1% for SPEEK and 1.3% for N117, while S-H2 can hold a relatively stable EE (82.3–80.9%) during 200 cycles (Figure c). A comparison of the EE values among S-H2 and the recently reported bulk-modified SPEEK membranes is summarized in Table S4. ,,,,,,,− Because the differential crossover of vanadium ions can lead to an imbalanced vanadium concentration and asymmetrical valence states in the positive/negative electrolytes, the vanadium screening property is further reflected by the apparent discrepancy in discharge capacity retention (Figure d). S-H2 can exhibit a capacity retention of 36.3% after 200 cycles (200 h), whereas SPEEK (77 h) and N117 (70 h) can maintain 30.9% and 15.7%, respectively, only after 100 cycles.…”