An unusual lowest elevation record of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in Nepal.

Abstract

The snow leopard, Panthera uncia, is a flagship species of the mountainous region in South and Central Asia. In Nepal Himalayas, the species is distributed from 3000 to 6000 m. The present finding of a snow leopard on 23 January 2024 at an elevation of 146 m. in Charghare, Urlabari of Morang District was an unusual record. This is the first recorded case of a snow leopard at such a lower elevation. Fortunately, the leopard was rescued promptly and subsequently transferred to the Central Zoo, located in Jawalakhel, Lalitpur for further treatment. Following its rescue, two snow leopard scats were collected within a week from the enclosure. These scats were then analyzed using fecal analysis techniques to identify the prey hair remains in the scats. The analysis revealed that the leopard had consumed naur (Pseudoys nayaur) and unidentified rodent species, as evidence by the hair samples present in the scats. Additionally, several claws, likely from small mammals were also recorded which remain unidentified. This finding strongly suggests that the snow leopard had descended from its usual higher elevations. It is plausible that the leopard may have lost its way and ended up in densely populated human settlements. This has opened a new avenue for research in this area. There is now a pressing need for joint collaborative research to assess the corridors and connectivity crucial for the survival of these magnificent species.