An update on the indigenous vascular flora of sub-Antarctic Marion Island: taxonomic changes, sequences for DNA barcode loci, and genome size data

Chau, John H.; Mtsi, Nasipi I. S.; Münbergová, Zuzana; Greve, Michelle; Roux, Peter C. le; Mairal, Mario; Roux, Johannes J. Le; Dorrington, Rosemary A.; Vuuren, Bettine Jansen van

doi:10.1007/s00300-020-02747-7

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…In more recent floristic surveys on the island, R . moseleyi has not been found (Raath-Krüger et al 2019, P. le Roux, personal communication 2020), and the species was left off a recent plant list for Marion Island (Chau et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The specimens are nearly identical genetically, despite differing vegetative morphologies. Loci from the plastid genome (trnL-trnF, rps16) place the Marion Island specimens as members of L. australis, which is the only species of Limosella currently recognized in the flora of Marion Island (Gremmen & Smith 2008, Chau et al 2020). However, a nuclear locus (ITS) places the specimens in a clade with L. aquatica, L. curdieana and L. major.…”

Section: Identification Of Specimens From Marion Islandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smith & Mucina (2006) noted that the last record of R. moseleyi on Marion Island was in 1987, but we are not aware of any other vouchers for which taxonomic identification can be confirmed. In more recent floristic surveys on the island, R. moseleyi has not been found (Raath-Krüger et al 2019, P. le Roux, personal communication 2020), and the species was left off a recent plant list for Marion Island (Chau et al 2020).…”

Section: Status Of Ranunculus Moseleyi On Marion Islandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The unique flora of the remote and isolated sub-Antarctic islands are fairly well characterized (e.g. Green & Walton 1975, Lord 2015, Chau et al 2020, Siljak-Yakovlev et al 2020). However, although some molecular phylogenetic studies have been conducted (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ranunculus moseleyi was also first recorded on Marion Island during the 1965–1966 Expedition (Huntley 1971), but only one herbarium specimen of this species from Marion Island is known to exist (B.J. Huntley 1568, AAS) and its current occurrence there has been put in doubt (Lehnebach et al 2017, Chau et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular evidence for hybridization in the aquatic plant Limosella on sub-Antarctic Marion Island

2021

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DNA sequence data have become a crucial tool in assessing the relationship between morphological variation and genetic and taxonomic groups, including in the Antarctic biota. Morphologically distinct populations of submersed aquatic vascular plants were observed on sub-Antarctic Marion Island, potentially representing the two species of such plants listed in the island's flora, Limosella australis R.Br. (Scrophulariaceae) and Ranunculus moseleyi Hook.f. (Ranunculaceae). To confirm their taxonomic identity, we sequenced a nuclear locus (internal transcribed spacer; ITS) and two plastid loci (trnL-trnF, rps16) from three specimens collected on Marion Island and compared the sequences with those in public sequence databases. For all three loci, sequences from the Marion Island specimens were nearly identical despite morphological dissimilarity, and phylogenetic analyses resolved them to a position in Limosella. In phylogenetic trees and comparisons of species-specific sequence polymorphisms, the Marion Island specimens were closest to a clade comprising Limosella aquatica L., L. curdieana F.Muell. and L. major Diels for ITS and closest to L. australis for the plastid loci. Cytonuclear discordance suggests a history of hybridization or introgression, which may have consequences for morphological variability and ecological adaptation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identification Of Specimens From Marion Islandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Status Of Ranunculus Moseleyi On Marion Islandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular evidence for hybridization in the aquatic plant Limosella on sub-Antarctic Marion Island

2021

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Can vegetation be discretely classified in species‐poor environments? Testing plant community concepts for vegetation monitoring on sub‐Antarctic Marion Island

Merwe

Greve

Skowno

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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The updating and rethinking of vegetation classifications is important for ecosystem monitoring in a rapidly changing world, where the distribution of vegetation is changing. The general assumption that discrete and persistent plant communities exist that can be monitored efficiently, is rarely tested before undertaking a classification. Marion Island (MI) is comprised of species‐poor vegetation undergoing rapid environmental change. It presents a unique opportunity to test the ability to discretely classify species‐poor vegetation with recently developed objective classification techniques and relate it to previous classifications. We classified vascular species data of 476 plots sampled across MI, using Ward hierarchical clustering, divisive analysis clustering, non‐hierarchical kmeans and partitioning around medoids. Internal cluster validation was performed using silhouette widths, Dunn index, connectivity of clusters and gap statistic. Indicator species analyses were also conducted on the best performing clustering methods. We evaluated the outputs against previously classified units. Ward clustering performed the best, with the highest average silhouette width and Dunn index, as well as the lowest connectivity. The number of clusters differed amongst the clustering methods, but most validation measures, including for Ward clustering, indicated that two and three clusters are the best fit for the data. However, all classification methods produced weakly separated, highly connected clusters with low compactness and low fidelity and specificity to clusters. There was no particularly robust and effective classification outcome that could group plots into previously suggested vegetation units based on species composition alone. The relatively recent age ( c. 450,000 years B.P.), glaciation history (last glacial maximum 34,500 years B.P.) and isolation of the sub‐Antarctic islands may have hindered the development of strong vascular plant species assemblages with discrete boundaries. Discrete classification at the community‐level using species composition may not be suitable in such species‐poor environments. Species‐level, rather than community‐level, monitoring may thus be more appropriate in species‐poor environments, aligning with continuum theory rather than community theory.

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A global phylogeny of grammitid ferns (Polypodiaceae) and its systematic implications

Zhou

Yang

Liang

et al. 2023

TAXON

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Grammitidoideae are the largest subfamily in Polypodiaceae and contain about 911 species. Progress has been made in understanding the overall phylogeny and generic boundaries in the light of recent molecular works. However, the majority of species, especially Asian species, and some critical type species of genera remain unsampled. In this study, a dataset of six plastid markers of 1003 (112 new) accessions representing ca. 412 species of Grammitidoideae including the type species of Ctenopterella, Grammitis, Moranopteris, Radiogrammitis, and Themelium, was assembled to infer a phylogeny. Our major results include: (1) the type species of Grammitis is successfully sequenced using a next‐generation sequencing technique and is resolved in Grammitis s.str. as expected; (2) Ctenopterella is found to be polyphyletic and a new clade consisting of C. khaoluangensis is resolved as sister to Tomophyllum; (3) the type species of Ctenopterella is resolved in a clade sister to the C. lasiostipes clade; (4) Oreogrammitis is found to be polyphyletic and three clades outside of the core Oreogrammitis are identified containing O. subevenosa and allies, O. orientalis, and O. beddomeana (+ O. cf. beddomeana); (5) Prosaptia is found to be paraphyletic with P. nutans being sister to a clade containing the rest of Prosaptia and Archigrammitis; (6) the intergeneric and major relationships within the Asia‐Pacific clade are well resolved and strongly supported except for a few branches; (7) extensive cryptic speciation is detected in the Asia‐Pacific clade; and (8) based on the polyphyly of Ctenopterella we describe three new genera, Boonkerdia, Oxygrammitis, and Rouhania, for species formerly in Ctenopterella; because the type species of Grammitis belongs to Grammitis s.str., we describe five new genera, Aenigmatogrammitis, Grammitastrum (stat. nov.), Howeogrammitis, Nanogrammitis, and Thalassogrammitis for species formerly in Grammitis s.l. A key to the 35 Old‐World genera is given, a taxonomic treatment is presented, and the morphology of all new genera is shown with either a color plate and/or a line drawing.

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An update on the indigenous vascular flora of sub-Antarctic Marion Island: taxonomic changes, sequences for DNA barcode loci, and genome size data

Cited by 9 publications

References 76 publications

Molecular evidence for hybridization in the aquatic plant Limosella on sub-Antarctic Marion Island

Molecular evidence for hybridization in the aquatic plant Limosella on sub-Antarctic Marion Island

Can vegetation be discretely classified in species‐poor environments? Testing plant community concepts for vegetation monitoring on sub‐Antarctic Marion Island

A global phylogeny of grammitid ferns (Polypodiaceae) and its systematic implications

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