An Update on the Prognostic and Predictive Serum Biomarkers in Metastatic Prostate Cancer

Saxby, Helen; Mikropoulos, Christos; Boussios, Stergios

doi:10.3390/diagnostics10080549

Cited by 48 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Bone involvement in prostate cancer is an extremely frequent event, which is deemed to occur in up to 90% of patients with advanced disease [ 2 ]. From an anatomical point of view, the vertebral venous plexus—in which the prostatic venous plexus indirectly drains—has been suggested to be an important route of prostate cancer bone metastasization, due to its localization throughout the column [ 3 ].…”

Section: Bone Metastasis In Prostate Cancer: the Underlying Molecumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prostate cancer (PCa) represents the most commonly diagnosed tumors in the male population and is still one of the main causes of cancer-related death worldwide [ 1 ]. The natural history of PCa may potentially go through different phases, from a hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) to a castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) state in around 18–24 months, and from localized disease to nonmetastatic biochemical recurrence and, finally, to the presence of distant metastases [ 2 ]. Skeletal involvement is present in up to 90% of cases of metastatic PCa due to a peculiar tropism for the bone exhibited by this tumor [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bone Targeting Agents in Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer: State of the Art

Mollica

Rizzo

Rosellini

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Bone health represents a major issue in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients with bone metastases; in fact, the frequently prolonged use of hormonal agents causes important modifications in physiological bone turnover and most of these men will develop skeletal-related events (SREs), including spinal cord compression, pathologic fractures and need for surgery or radiation to bone, which are estimated to occur in almost half of this patient population. In the last decade, several novel therapeutic options have entered into clinical practice of bone metastatic CRPC, with recent approval of enzalutamide and abiraterone acetate, cabazitaxel chemotherapy and radium-223, on the basis of survival benefit suggested by landmark Phase III trials assessing these agents in this setting. Conversely, although bone-targeted agents (BTAs)—such as the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid and the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK) ligand inhibitor denosumab—are approved for the prevention of SREs, these compounds have not shown benefit in terms of overall survival. However, emerging evidence has suggested that the combination of BTAs and abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide and the radiopharmaceutical radium-223 could result in improved clinical outcomes and prolonged survival in bone metastatic CRPC. In this review, we will provide an overview on bone tropism of prostate cancer and on the role of BTAs in metastatic hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant prostate cancer.

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Section: Bone Metastasis In Prostate Cancer: the Underlying Molecumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Targeting Agents in Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer: State of the Art

Mollica

Rizzo

Rosellini

et al. 2021

Cancers

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“…The Gleason system remains an essential prognostic tool in contemporary management of PC. Its prominence has led it to being used as a correlation metric to assess new diagnostic and prognostic strategies [ 10 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Advancement In Diagnostic Strategies Aiding Selection Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Strategies for Treatment Selection in Advanced Prostate Cancer

et al. 2021

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Prostate Cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among men worldwide. For most men with PCa, their disease will follow an indolent course. However, advanced PCa is associated with poor outcomes. There has been an advent of new therapeutic options with proven efficacy for advanced PCa in the last decade which has improved survival outcomes for men with this disease. Despite this, advanced PCa continues to be associated with a high rate of death. There is a lack of strong evidence guiding the timing and sequence of these novel treatment strategies. This paper focuses on a review of the strategies for diagnostic and the current evidence available for treatment selection in advanced PCa.

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“…MiRNAs are linked to tumor progression, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis resistance, drug resistance, stem cell survival, and metastasis in multiple cancer types [ 56 ]. Several studies have investigated the role of circulating miRNA signatures as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for multiple cancers [ 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ].…”

Section: Noncoding Rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Insights into Therapy Resistance in Osteosarcoma

Prudowsky

Yustein

2020

Cancers

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Osteosarcoma, the most common bone malignancy of childhood, has been a challenge to treat and cure. Standard chemotherapy regimens work well for many patients, but there remain minimal options for patients with progressive or resistant disease, as clinical trials over recent decades have failed to significantly improve survival. A better understanding of therapy resistance is necessary to improve current treatments and design new strategies for future treatment options. In this review, we discuss known mechanisms and recent scientific advancements regarding osteosarcoma and its patterns of resistance against chemotherapy, radiation, and other newly-introduced therapeutics.

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An Update on the Prognostic and Predictive Serum Biomarkers in Metastatic Prostate Cancer

Cited by 48 publications

References 57 publications

Bone Targeting Agents in Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer: State of the Art

Bone Targeting Agents in Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer: State of the Art

Diagnostic Strategies for Treatment Selection in Advanced Prostate Cancer

Recent Insights into Therapy Resistance in Osteosarcoma

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