An update on the use of immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology in the diagnosis of pre-invasive and malignant lesions in gynecological oncology

Kalampokas, Emmanouil; Payne, Fiona; Nomikos, Angheliki; Gurumurthy, Mahalakshmi

doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.05.023

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Based on clinical and histopathological criteria, it is classified in two subtypes. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma (Type I), which accounts for about 80% of cases, is low-grade, estrogen-dependent and usually associated with complex and atypical endometrial hyperplasia, whereas type II endometrial carcinoma include serous papillary and clear cell types and is more aggressive and estrogen-independent [116,117]. For the general pathogenesis and progression of cancer, changes in cell–cell contacts have been described to play an essential role [118,119,120].…”

Section: Direct Cell–cell Interactions In Endometrial Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Cell–Cell Interactions in the Endometrium and in Endometrial Pathophysiology

Grund

Grümmer

2018

IJMS

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Cell contacts exhibit a considerable influence on tissue physiology and homeostasis by controlling paracellular and intercellular transport processes, as well as by affecting signaling pathways. Since they maintain cell polarity, they play an important role in cell plasticity. The knowledge about the junctional protein families and their interactions has increased considerably during recent years. In contrast to most other tissues, the endometrium undergoes extensive physiological changes and reveals an extraordinary plasticity due to its crucial role in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. These complex changes are accompanied by changes in direct cell–cell contacts to meet the various requirements in the respective developmental stage. Impairment of this sophisticated differentiation process may lead to failure of implantation and embryo development and may be involved in the pathogenesis of endometrial diseases. In this article, we focus on the knowledge about the distribution and regulation of the different junctional proteins in the endometrium during cycling and pregnancy, as well as in pathologic conditions such as endometriosis and cancer. Decoding these sophisticated interactions should improve our understanding of endometrial physiology as well as of the mechanisms involved in pathological conditions.

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Section: Direct Cell–cell Interactions In Endometrial Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Cell–Cell Interactions in the Endometrium and in Endometrial Pathophysiology

Grund

Grümmer

2018

IJMS

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“…Several immunohistochemical markers are currently considered representative of a specific tissue or organ. However, many of these markers could be expressed in variable percentages also in different types of tumors, originating from different sites (6). This overlap represents the main challenge in the clinical application of immunohistochemistry within the diagnostic work-up of distant metastases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gynecological malignancy mimicking a thyroid lymph node metastasis

Pederzoli

Spaggiari

Bernardelli

et al. 2021

Endocrinology, Diabetes &Amp; Metabolism Case Reports

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Summary We present the case of a 69-year-old woman who attended the Endocrinology Unit of Modena for a suspicious lymph node in the left cervical compartment discovered during the follow-up of a recurrent gynecological malignancy. At neck ultrasonography, a thyroid goiter was detected, and the further cytological examination was inconclusive for thyroid nodule and compatible with a localization of an adenocarcinoma with papillary architecture for the lymph node. The histological examination after a left neck dissection confirmed the presence of an intracapsular metastasis of a papillary carcinoma immunohistochemically focally positive for thyroid transcription factor 1 and paired box 8 and negative for thyroglobulin. Subsequently, in the suspicion of a thyroid primitiveness, a total thyroidectomy was performed, revealing an intraparenchymal follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma of 2 mm in the right lobe. During the follow-up, the appearance of a suspected cervical metastatic lesion led to another neck dissection, histologically compatible with a papillary carcinoma localization, immunohistochemically focally positive for thyroid transcription factor 1 and paired box 8, and negative for thyroglobulin. The histological revision of surgical specimens suggests the cervical recurrence of the prior gynecological cancer, rather than a thyroid carcinoma metastasis. The case described shows how carefully the cytological, histological and immunoistochemical results must be evaluated in oncological management, considering the whole patient’s history. Learning points Neck lymph node metastases occasionally originate from anatomically distant primary sites, such as breast, lung, gastro-intestinal tract, genito-urinary tract and CNS. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluations play an important role to identify the primary malignant site, although in some cases they could mislead the clinicians. A multidisciplinary approach and the evaluation of the whole medical history of the patient are mandatory to guide the diagnostic-therapeutic path and to avoid unnecessary treatments.

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“…Complex systems—like human tissues, although being made of cells of similar structure, origin, metabolism and functionality, show a large morphological and physiological diversity. The mechanisms leading to disordering in life functions and the growth of cells of such tissues are intensively studied, because they can affect the progress of understanding the diseases (including cancer) and the formation of body dysfunctions 29 , 30 . It is known that a change of the functionality of cells is accompanied by a chemical change in their environment and a change in their structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on healthy and neoplastic tissues using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and focused histopathological imaging

Zgardzińska

Chołubek

Jarosz

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Samples of healthy and neoplastic myometrial tissues were investigated using Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS). Meaningful differences between normal and diseased tissues were observed for each patient. The differences were also clearly visible for various kinds of lesions in each patient. The set of lifetimes and intensities obtained from PALS was correlated with the histopathological examinations of the same fragments of tissues. Strong coincidence between PALS parameters and histopathological findings was observed only in the case of a very precise correlation of the investigated area in both techniques. Measurements and discussion presented here were carried out to develop a method for measuring the sub-nanometric structure of human tissues. This kind of investigation, using positron probe, creates an opportunity of a new application in Positron Emission Tomography (PET).

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An update on the use of immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology in the diagnosis of pre-invasive and malignant lesions in gynecological oncology

Cited by 14 publications

References 65 publications

Direct Cell–Cell Interactions in the Endometrium and in Endometrial Pathophysiology

Direct Cell–Cell Interactions in the Endometrium and in Endometrial Pathophysiology

Gynecological malignancy mimicking a thyroid lymph node metastasis

Studies on healthy and neoplastic tissues using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and focused histopathological imaging

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