An XPS study of the thermal degradation and flame retardant mechanism of polystyrene-clay nanocomposites

Wang, Jianqi; Du, Jianshi; Zhu, Jin; Wilkie, Charles A.

doi:10.1016/s0141-3910(02)00055-1

“…C-S-HPN materials have exhibited higher thermal stability compare to starting materials (C-S-H and PAA). This property of C-S-HPN materials confirms the flame retardant behavior [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] of these types of nanomaterials. In general, three significant temperature regions on the TG curves of PAA and C-S-HPN materials have been observed: i) Region I (rT-347 °C): this is the region of absorbed and bound water removal [61][62][63][64][65][66] due to the loss of molecular water with DTG peaks at 86 -235 °C (Table 3, Fig.…”

Section: Tg and Dtg Studies Of C-s-h Paa And C-s-hpn Materialssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Polymer-clay nanocomposite materials are reported to promote thermal [48,49], mechanical [50], molecular barriers [51], flame retardant behavior [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] and corrosion protection properties [60][61][62]. Therefore, the systematic investigation of the reaction possibility of PAA with synthetic C-S-H at low Ca/Si ratio (0.7) as well as to characterize the composite materials by nanotechnological methods are the main interests of this contribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, thermal and structural characterization of nanocomposites for potential applications in construction

Mojumdar

¹

,

Raki

²

2006

J Therm Anal Calorim

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/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-006-7720-1 Analysis and Calorimetry, 86, 3, pp. 651-657, 2006-12-01 Synthesis, thermal and structural characterization of nanocomposites for potential applications in construction Mojumdar, S. C.; Raki, L. Journal of Thermalhttp://irc.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca Synthesis, thermal and structural characterization of nanocomposites for potential applications in construction NRCC-45170Mojumdar, S.C.; Raki, L.A version of this document is published in / Une version de ce document se trouve dans: Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, v. 86, no. 3, Dec. 2006, pp. 651-657 Doi: 10.1007/s10973-006-7720-1 The material in this document is covered by the provisions of the Copyright Act, by Canadian laws, policies, regulations and international agreements. Such provisions serve to identify the information source and, in specific instances, to prohibit reproduction of materials without written permission.

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“…Polymer-clay, nanocomposite materials are reported to promote thermal [43,44], mechanical [45], molecular barriers [46], flame retardant behavior [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] and corrosion protection properties [55][56][57]. Therefore, their systematic investigation of the reaction possibility of PVA with synthetic C-S-H at low Ca/Si ratio (0.7) as well as to characterize the composite materials by nanotechnological methods are the main interests of this contribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and properties of calcium silicate hydrate-poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposite materials

Mojumdar

¹

,

Raki

²

2005

J Therm Anal Calorim

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/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-005-0846-8Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 82, 1, pp. 89-95, 2005-09-01 Preparation and properties of calcium silicate hydrate-poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposite materials Mojumdar, S. C.; Raki, L.http://irc.nrc-cnrc.gc.caPre pa rat ion a nd prope r t ie s of c a lc ium silic at e hydrat e -poly(vinyl a lc ohol) na noc om posit e m at e ria ls NRCC-48686Mojumdar, S.C.; Raki, L.A version of this document is published in / Une version de ce document se trouve dans : Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, v. 82, no. 1, Sept. 2005, pp. 89-95 doi: 10.1007/s10973-005-6837-y IntroductionNanocomposites are a new class of composites, that are particle-filled polymers for which at least one dimension of the dispersed particles is in the nanometer range. Three types of nanocomposites, depending on how many dimensions of the dispersed particles are in the nanometer range can be distinguished [1]. Particles with three dimensions in the order of nanometers are typically isodimensional, such as spherical silica nanoparticles obtained by in situ sol-gel methods [2,3] or by polymerization promoted directly from their surface [3,4]. They also include semiconductor nanoclusters [5] and others [3]. Nanotubes or whiskers (with dimensions in the nanometer scale and the third forming a larger elongated structure), for example, carbon nanotubes [6] or cellulose whiskers [7,8], are extensively studied as reinforcing phases yielding materials with exceptional properties. The third type of nanocomposites is characterized by only one dimension in the nanometer range. In this case the material is present in the form of sheets of one to a few nanometers thick and hundreds to thousands nanometers long. This family of composites is referred to as polymer-layered crystal nanocomposites.Depending on the nature of the components used (layered structure, organic ions/polymer matrix) and the method of preparation, three main types of composites may be obtained when a layered structure is associated with a polymer [1].If the polymer is unable to intercalate between the layered sheets, a phase-separated composite is obtained, whose properties stay in the same range as traditional microcomposites. Beyond this classical family of composites, two types of nanocomposites can be dis...

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“…T PHRR was prolonged for all the nanocomposites relative to pure PS, with PS-QC16 showing the greatest delay of ∼20%. Addition of clay promotes char formation 44 which heavily retards diffusion of combustible products from low temperature TSC, time to sustained ignition; PHHR, peak heat release rate; T PHHR , time to peak heat release rate; THR, total heat release; AMLR, average mass loss rate; CY, char %; ASEA, average specific extinction area (a measure of smoke). a Previous work published elsewhere; Ref.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Assembly of α-MnO₂ Nanorods into Spheres: Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties

Chigwada

¹

,

Kandare²,

Wang³

et al. 2008

j nanosci nanotechnol

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Organically-modified montmorillonite (MMT) clays have been prepared using ammonium salts containing quinoline, pyridine, benzene, and styrenic groups. The nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending and the formation of nanocomposites was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Thermal stability and flammability were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone calorimetry measurements, respectively. The presence of modified MMT at 5% loading resulted in significant improvement in thermal stability compared to the virgin polymer. Effective activation energies for mass loss were determined via a model-free isoconversional approach from TGA data obtained under N 2 and under air. The additives served to raise the activation energy, with a more significant impact observed under pyrolysis conditions. The onset temperature of degradation and temperature of maximum decomposition rate are increased, while the peak heat release rate and mass loss rates are significantly reduced in the presence of three of the modified clays. No reduction in the total heat released is observed.

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An XPS study of the thermal degradation and flame retardant mechanism of polystyrene-clay nanocomposites

Cited by 128 publications

References 8 publications

Synthesis, thermal and structural characterization of nanocomposites for potential applications in construction

Synthesis, thermal and structural characterization of nanocomposites for potential applications in construction

Preparation and properties of calcium silicate hydrate-poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposite materials

Self-Assembly of α-MnO₂ Nanorods into Spheres: Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties

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An XPS study of the thermal degradation and flame retardant mechanism of polystyrene-clay nanocomposites

Cited by 128 publications

References 8 publications

Synthesis, thermal and structural characterization of nanocomposites for potential applications in construction

Synthesis, thermal and structural characterization of nanocomposites for potential applications in construction

Preparation and properties of calcium silicate hydrate-poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposite materials

Self-Assembly of α-MnO2 Nanorods into Spheres: Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties

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Self-Assembly of α-MnO₂ Nanorods into Spheres: Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties