Analysis and Evaluation of Traffic Accidents for Principle Urban Streets in Arbil City in Iraq

Abstract

Traffic accidents are considered one of the most important problems in modern societies. Arbil city in Iraq suffers from this problem; it is considered the second major cause of death.The main objectives of this study are to analyze and evaluate the causes of traffic accidents by using the statistical analysis technique, and self-observation study. In this study Traffic accident data, Geometric condition data ,and Traffic condition data, related to the Arbil streets network was collected, prepared and analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. High Accident Locations (HAL) on the street network were identified by using various techniques. Self-observation on all selected streets that had (HAL) was summarized. Different predictive statistical models were developed for the streets in Arbil urban area. The Accident prediction models can be used to predict the probability of an accident at a certain location based on different variables. The statistical analysis of the study concluded that some of the geometric and traffic conditions are much related to traffic accident. It was concluded from this study that the increasing number of segments in principle urban streets will increase the number of total accidents and the number of property damages. Also, it was found that Pedestrian crossing areas ignored by pedestrians and the drivers do not give priority to pedestrians for crossing the street, due to lack of traffic awareness by drivers and pedestrians. The study recommends that Roads should be designed and constructed according to international standards. Also, it is recommended to improve traffic awareness of road users: drivers, pedestrians, and passengers through organized educational awareness programs.

Traffic Accident Traits and Driver Characteristics Implication on Road Accidents using Descriptive Analysis: A Cross Sectional Study in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq

“…Absence of standard support and lack of periodic vehicle maintenance are the main possible factors for car faults that prompt unexpected malfunctions [4,18]. Furthermore, it is revealed that weather and road mishaps account for 2.4% and 1.2% of RTAs, respectively, indicating that adequate engineering and proper roadway structure and control of roads by traffic police play a positive role in reducing the number of RTAs, although it has been reported that road status is a basic risk factor of accidents [18,19]. Additionally, minimal causative error is caused by environmental effects (1.2%) expressing that seasonal changes of Sulaymaniyah weather did not have a great impact on RTAs in general.…”

The Weighting of Risk Factors for Road Infrastructure Accidents Using Analytic Hierarchy Process Method

“…After the normalization matrix was completed, the next process was to determine the weight of each element. The weighting of the element in the matrix N was performed using equation (4).…”

“…Road factor contributes 3% of accidents and increases to 34% when combined with other factors such as human factor and vehicle factor [3]. Geometric design of roads that do not comply with the standard [4]- [7], damaged road surface conditions [8], [9], dangerous roadside [10]- [12], unavailable and/or damaged street lighting [13], [14], unavailability of markers and low visibility of markers [15], [16] inappropriate signs [17], and pedestrian facilities that do not adequately function [18], [19] are some of the factors that cause traffic accidents from road infrastructure aspect.…”

A Public Health Initiative to Address Road Traffic Accidents in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

“…Fatalities were high among children, adolescents and young adults. In Erbil, the capital of the Kurdish region, RTAs were the second major cause of death (7). These estimates are very high especially when under-reporting is common throughout in the region (8).…”