Analysis of Changes in Recent Tuberculosis Transmission Patterns after a Sharp Increase in Immigration

Íñigo, Jesús; Viedma, Darío García de; Arce, Araceli; Palenque, Elia; Rodríguez, N. Alonso; Rodríguez, E.; Serrano, Manuel Nistal Martín; Andrés, Sandra; Bouza, Emilio; Cháves, Fernando

doi:10.1128/jcm.01644-06

Cited by 57 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Developed countries will gain most by supporting TB control strategies not only in Europe but also in the rest of the world [74,86,97,98]. Therefore, the ideal long-term TB control strategy remains global investment in TB control [81], in line with the principle of think locally, act globally [86].…”

Section: Global Investment In Tb Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several countries have recently adapted their national screening system, such as Switzerland [29] and the UK, or have called for a national screening system in publications, such as Italy and Spain [5,55,73,74]. As part of this project, a study has been [23,24] Data are presented as median (interquartile range), unless otherwise indicated; community post-arrival screening (CPA), reception/holding centre (RC) and combined data represent two studies and so are presented as median (range).…”

Section: Recent Policy Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the remaining 36 articles, 40 records were extracted, since two records were extracted from each of four articles [28,30,36,41]. For the comparison with non-EU data, 15 records were extracted from 14 articles published after 2000 [66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79].…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migrant tuberculosis screening in the EU/EEA: yield, coverage and limitations

Klinkenberg¹,

Manissero²,

Semenza³

et al. 2009

Eur Respir J

120

108

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A systematic literature review was performed with the objective of assessing the effectiveness of tuberculosis (TB) screening methods and strategies in migrants in European Union/European Economic Area (including Switzerland) countries.Extracted data on yield and coverage were used as indicators of effectiveness. Reported yields varied considerably between studies and countries. Considering only the 14 studies representative of national screening programmes, a median yield of TB disease of 0.18% (interquartile range 0.10-0.35%) was reported.The data did not indicate differences in effectiveness between the three main strategies: 1) screening at port of entry; 2) screening just after arrival in reception/holding centres; and 3) screening in the community following arrival in European Union countries. The variation seen probably reflects variation in risk factors for TB, in particular the composition of the migrants entering the country.Recommendations include the need for improved data for guiding the optimal frequency and duration of screening; assessment and improvement of cost-effectiveness; access to healthcare for migrants, including illegal migrants; ensuring a continuum of care for those screened; and consideration of screening for latent TB infection with caution. Finally, screening should be a component of a wider approach, rather than a stand-alone intervention.

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Section: Global Investment In Tb Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recent Policy Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migrant tuberculosis screening in the EU/EEA: yield, coverage and limitations

Klinkenberg¹,

Manissero²,

Semenza³

et al. 2009

Eur Respir J

120

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…of those imprisoned 15,16 , to the enhanced transmission of the disease within an enclosed precinct and, most of all, due to high endemic rates of TB among those who enter prison. The aforementioned may have been encouraged by an increased migratory phenomenon experienced by Spain since 2000 2 , with a lot of individuals coming from developing countries, where high endemic rates are found for LTBI [17][18][19][20][21] . 48.7% of TB cases reported in Barcelona in 2009 concerned the foreign population 22 and, on the other hand, 43.2% of the imprisoned population in Cataluña had been born outside Spain 23 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalencia de infección tuberculosa latente en población inmigrante que ingresa en prisión

Solé¹,

Marco²,

Escribano³

et al. 2012

Rev. esp. sanid. penit.

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Objective: To study the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and the predictive factors amongst immigrants entering prison.Methods: prospective study conducted in May and June of 2009. The tuberculin skin test (TST) was performed, with induration of ≥ 10 mm being regarded as positive. Variables collected were: age, origin, number of incarcerations, duration of stay in Spain, heroin and cocaine consumption, intravenous drug use and HIV infection. The rate of LTBI was calculated and the overall infection rate (ITL and history of TB). To study predictable factors, bivariate and multivariate analysis was carried out using logistic regression.Results: 152 male immigrants. Average age: 31.9 years ± 7.8; 37.2% of them with heroin or cocaine consumption and 7.5% IDU. 12 patients were previously TST positive and 6 patients had history of TB. TST was performed on 134 people, 63 with positive results and 71 with negative ones. ITL rate: 49.3. Overall infection rate: 53.3%. Bivariate associated with LTBI: more than one incarceration (67.4% vs. 36.4% in primary, p=0.001), age (76% ≥ 40 vs. 40.4% under this age and heroin and cocaine consumption (60% consumers vs. 39.3% non consumers; p=0.02. Multivariate analysis only confirmed the association with age (p=0.001; OR: 2.34, IC=1.39-3.94). Conclusions:The LTBI rate amongst immigrants entering prison is very high. A complete study is recommended for all of them, with special attention being paid to the most vulnerable ones, such as older people.

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“…Semejantes conclusiones se indicaban en los más numerosos estudios de VIH 9,18,32-37 y en algunos que estudiaban M. tuberculosis 21,38,39 , si bien también se pusieron de manifiesto casos de transmisión desde la población autóctona a la inmigrante 3,22,23,39 .…”

Section: Figura 3 Distribución De Los Trabajos Publicados Sobre Epideunclassified

Estudios de epidemiología molecular en población inmigrante en España

Gónzález-Candelas¹,

Bracho²,

Comas³

et al. 2014

Rev. Esp. Salud Publica

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RESUMENFundamentos: La epidemiología molecular es una nueva disciplina que permite la integración de la información sobre la variabilidad genéti-ca de patógenos infecciosos con su difusión en la población y subgrupos de la misma incluyendo, por ejemplo, las mutaciones de resistencia a antibióticos y antivirales. El objetivo es conocer qué posibles diferencias existe en las características genéticas de los agentes infecciosos que afectan a las poblaciones inmigrante y autóctoctona en España.. Métodos:Se revisaron artículos originales publicados entre 1998-2013, con las palabras clave "epidemiología molecular", "tipado molecular", "secuenciación", "inmigrante", "España".Resultados: De un total de 267 artículos identificados inicialmente, 50 pasaron los diferentes filtros establecidos. De ellos, 36 analizan las infecciones por Mycobacterium tuberculosis y VIH, seguidos de los que analizan infecciones por Staphylococcus aureus (3) y el Virus de la Hepatitis B (3).Conclusiones: Los objetivos principales de estos trabajos fueron el tipado del patógeno y la determinación de la frecuencia de mutaciones de resistencia. Los estudios más frecuentes correspondieron a cohortes retrospectivas, seguidos por los estudios ecológicos y los ensayos clínicos. En general los estudios son descriptivos y su ámbito por el tipo y tamaño de muestra es bastante restringido. En varios se determina que las cepas o variantes del patógeno encontradas en inmigrantes tienen su origen más probable en sus países de origen, si bien otros también ponen de manifiesto la transmisión desde la población autóctona a la inmigrante. ABSTRACT Molecular Epidemiology Studies on the Immigrant Population in SpainBackground: Molecular epidemiology is a new scientific discipline which allows to integrate information on the genetic variation of infectious pathogens with their diffusion in a population and its subgroups including, for instance, resistance mutations to antibiotics and antiretrovirals. We present the results of an analysis of scientific publications that analyze the health status of the immigrant population in Spain from a molecular epidemiology perspective.

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Analysis of Changes in Recent Tuberculosis Transmission Patterns after a Sharp Increase in Immigration

Cited by 57 publications

References 21 publications

Migrant tuberculosis screening in the EU/EEA: yield, coverage and limitations

Migrant tuberculosis screening in the EU/EEA: yield, coverage and limitations

Prevalencia de infección tuberculosa latente en población inmigrante que ingresa en prisión

Estudios de epidemiología molecular en población inmigrante en España

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